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Brown vs. the Board of Education Topeka
The case most notable for striking down separate but equal and federally mandating integration is the launching pad for equity of all special education advocacy cases that will be presented going forward for students with disabilities. It allowed and redefined equal protection of the law for all students. -
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
These two acts work in tandem as a measure of accountability of compliance because it affects school funding and outlawing discriminatory practice. It grants equal access to all, if any program that receives federal funding. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and Mills v. Board of Education, DC
This case was brought suit against state statues to students with disabilities, and their rights of a free and public education. Additionally, schools must provide an education based on individual needs. -
Section 504 Rehabilitation Act
This act again acts as a safeguard for students with disabilities in the manner of equity of educational access, instructional modification, and accommodations. It also provides for terminology of placement "in the least restrictive environment". -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1974,
This congressional act is safeguard in providing insurance that students with disabilities are protecting in receiving services from the PARC supreme court decision -
Board of Education v. Rowley
This case involves how IDEA will be interpreted from the judiciary standpoint. It set a precedent on how future special education law proceedings will be handled. It addressed two areas, first the educational plan fits the individual needs, and second that plan should then focus on students educational potential. That the plan ultimately provides for enough to create a benefit for the student's progress. This case gives us the "Rowley standard" which is used in determination of FAPE. -
IDEA
The legislation has four segments that promotes a free appropriate education. (FAPE) The major components surround parent advocacy, disability categorization, and a collaborative tailored approach to a disabled child's educational plan. This means the construction of an individualized educational plan that is set in place and is reviewed periodically. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
It is a civil rights legislation that bans discriminatory acts and practices to those with disabilities in all areas of public life. This applies to schools because they are government institutions, and students with disabilities represent a population that are protected under civil rights legislation. They are guaranteed due process and equal protection under the law. -
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY ACT OF 1998
This act was intended to improve education of those with disabilities in order to create equity of services. It gave states funds to elevate these special education in improving and providing FAPE. -
No Child Left Behind
This policies core principle is raising the achievement level of all students which includes students with disabilities. The bridged the gap of accountability between general education and special education teachers. This means both are accountable for performance and review of achievement. It has caused alignment with IDEA in order create more opportunities for students with disabilities.
