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Brown Vs. Board of Education
Supreme Court rules that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional
Began the movement of equality in education -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
Provided state federal money to states in order to improve opportunities for students who were disadvantaged (including children with disabilities) -
Diana v. State Board of Education (1970)
Helped fix misclassification of students in special education
IQ tests were not biased and were given in the language appropriate for the student -
PARC v. Commonwealth of PA (1972)
Required schools to provide a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975
Federal funding was provided to those who promised to education students with disabilities
Started requiring schools to develop an Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
Established procedural safeguards -
The Handicapped Children's Protection Act of 1986
Parents were able to recover attorney fees if they won in a court case or hearing -
Timothy W v. Rochester School District (1989)
Student was denied special education services because the school felt his disability was "too severe" to benefit
Led to Zero-rejection policy
Schools could not deny a child special education services, no matter how severe their disabilities are -
Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1990
Added traumatic brain injury and autism as new categories of disability
Transition element for students age 16 or older was added
"People first" language began -
The Idea Amendments of 1997
Changed the IEP team and added new components
Reorganized the structure of IDEA
Began requiring states to offer intervention efforts to parents before due process hearings -
IDEA Improvement Act of 2004
Gave a definition to "highly qualified" special education teacher
encouraged the use of the RTI model in classrooms
Removed short term goals in IEP's except for those with severe disabilities -
Endrew F v. Douglas County School District (2017
Parents sued school for tuition to a private school because the school was unable to provide a "meaningful education"
Confusion with terminology in courts led to a debate of what schools are required to provide
Specify standards or not?
Ruled in favor a higher standard of education for students with disabilities
