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Brown v. Board of Education
A landmark in 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Vocational Education Act
Provided for workforce education to include basic grants to state for vocational education https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Patterson10/publication/273908980/figure/tbl1/AS:391905427902464@1470448943703/Laws-protecting-the-rights-of-students-with-disabilities-in-postsecondary-settings.png -
The Higher Education Act (HEA)
The Higher Education Act was enacted to “strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education”. Title IV of the HEA authorizes funding through grants and loans to students and higher education institutions. https://highereducationact.org/#:~:text=The%20Higher%20Education%20Act%20%28HEA%29%20was%20enacted%20in,and%20loans%20to%20students%20and%20higher%20education%20institutions. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Applies to public and private institutions that accept federal funding; programs must be accessible and reasonable accommodations must be made for students to participate. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Patterson10/publication/273908980/figure/tbl1/AS:391905427902464@1470448943703/Laws-protecting-the-rights-of-students-with-disabilities-in-postsecondary-settings.png -
FAPE
FAPE is the terms used to describe the educational rights of children with disabilities in the United States. This right is guaranteed by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA.) A free appropriate public education is provided at no cost to parents. School districts must allow parents to review and examine records, participate in IEP meetings and have access to complaint procedures. https://www.understandingspecialeducation.com/fape.html -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
The first special education law directed at students with physical and mental disabilities. The law stated that public schools must provide children with special needs with the same opportunities for education as other children. It also required any public school that received federal funds to provide one free meal a day for these children. https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
The Handicapped Children’s Protection Act
While the EHA mandated that all public schools receiving financial support from the federal government provide special-needs students with nondiscriminatory access to all educational programs, the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act (HCPA) of 1986 was created to instate provisions not covered by the EHA. https://www.brandman.edu/news-and-events/blog/special-education-laws -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA, is a modification of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act.
This law ensures that special needs students receive appropriate free public education in the least restrictive environment necessary to meet those students’ needs.
Extra assistance but allows them to participate in the same activities as other students whenever possible. https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The most sweeping affirmation of rights for the disabled in American history at the time, into law. Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in several areas, including employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and access to state and local government’ programs and services. https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/disability/ada -
The Assistive Technology Act
Provides assistive technology to persons with disabilities so they can more fully participate in education, employment and daily activities on level playing fields with other people in their communities. Under the law, each U.S. state receives a grant to fund Assistive Technology Act Programs (ATAP) that provide services to persons with disabilities for their entire lives. https://www.brandman.edu/news-and-events/blog/special-education-laws -
No Child Left Behind
Schools must be accountable for academic performance of all students, whether or not they had disabilities. Requires schools to develop routine assessments of students’ academic skills. Provides incentives for schools to demonstrate progress in students with special needs Allows for students to seek alternative options if schools are not meeting their academic, social or emotional needs. https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
The Assistive Technology Act of 2004 Reauthorized
Set forth a core set of program services to increase consistency across the country. As a result, at least 60 percent of the funds each state’s assistive technology program receives must support the following:
• State financing activities
• Device reutilization programs
• Device loan programs
• Device demonstration programs https://www.brandman.edu/news-and-events/blog/special-education-laws -
The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act
This purpose is to develop more fully the academic and career and technical skills of secondary education students and postsecondary education students who elect to enroll in career and technical education programs. https://www.education.pa.gov/K-12/Career%20and%20Technical%20Education/Perkins/Pages/default.aspx -
Latest Amendment: Higher Education Opportunity Act
Provided funding for demonstration projects to ensure that students with disabilities receive a quality higher education; created a National Center for Information and Technical Support for postsecondary Students with Disabilities https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Patterson10/publication/273908980/figure/tbl1/AS:391905427902464@1470448943703/Laws-protecting-the-rights-of-students-with-disabilities-in-postsecondary-settings.png -
Latest Amendment: American with Disabilities Act Amendments Act
Expanded "major life activities" by recognizing activities such as reading, bending, and communicating. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Patterson10/publication/273908980/figure/tbl1/AS:391905427902464@1470448943703/Laws-protecting-the-rights-of-students-with-disabilities-in-postsecondary-settings.png -
The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act
Aimed at increasing opportunities for individuals with disabilities who face barriers to employment, and to invest in the important connection between education and career preparation. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karen_Patterson10/publication/273908980/figure/tbl1/AS:391905427902464@1470448943703/Laws-protecting-the-rights-of-students-with-disabilities-in-postsecondary-settings.png
