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Brown v. Board of Education 1954
Students that were part of four states argues that public schools that were separated were not equal and prevented them from an equal right and protection from the law. The Supreme Court stated African American students do have the right to have an equal education and segregated schools had no position in being in the educational field. Denoting inferiority in students became illegal, and every student to this day is able and has the same opportunity as a white. (Msw, n.d.) -
Association for Children with Learning Disabilities
A group of parents came together at a conference to find and obtain services that didn't exist for their children. This association provided framework for legal frameworks, concepts, diagnostic approaches, practices in education, models for research and training. Legislation was passed which lead to The Children with Specific Learning Disabilities Act of 1969. (History – Learning Disabilities Association of America, n.d.) -
Elementary & Secondary Education Act of 1965
This act is also named ESEA. This act focused on the inequality of educational resources for unprivileged children. It provided resources to make sure that students that have limited opportunities have equal access to an adequate education. This led to the development and improved opportunities for children who are handicap (Msw, n.d.). There were also funds provided for the programs, and this helps students in classrooms by being able to use their resources and opportunities. -
PARC v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
This case was about the exclusion of children with mental retardation in schools open to the public. It was agreed that decisions based on placement in education needs to consist of a process of involvement of the parents and/or family (Msw, n.d.). This case stated the right to an unrestricted and proper system of education for all cognitively impaired children (National History Day, 2023). For in classrooms, students who are cognitively impaired have the right to an equal and fair education. -
Mills v. Board of Education (1972)
This case made elongated the impact of PARC v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. This lawsuit involved seven children who were denied a placement in a program of the public education for a large amount of time. It is said because of presumed mental, behavioral, physical or emotional impairments (Disability Justice, 2023). The implications it has today are there is no excuse to not include a student in any program. Resources are there to be made available to the students and schools for equality. -
Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Students with disabilities who satisfy the requirements and attend schools that qualify for federal financial assistance are protected by Section 504. A student must have a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits major life activities; have a record of impairment;or be presumed to have one. School districts are required to provide students who qualify for a free appropriate public education (FAPE) (Protecting Students With Disabilities, n.d.). -
The Education of all Handicapped Children
Foundation of special education to receive funding from the federal government. Established a free qualified education to the public for all children with disabilities. This law of 1975 was replaced by Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1983 and help ease work-to-home transitions. Later replaced by Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986, then replaced again by Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1990 (Resources::Legislative History of Special Education, n.d.). -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This legislation prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in the workplace, public accommodations, public transportation, and day-to-day life. It granted them equal opportunity in all different aspects of life, school as an example, which has significantly enhanced the education of students with disabilities (Hanson, 2024). -
No Child Left Behind Act
Previously known as Elementary and Secondary Education Act and now, NCLB is the former name. This act required public schools to educate all students, disabilities and no disabilities, by making “sufficient yearly progress.” This legislation has strengthened the need for moral responsibility in educating students with disabilities (Hanson, 2024). This act reviewed and reconfirmed education programs under the federal government enacted under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. -
Rosa's Law (PL 111-156)
Rosa's Law replaces the terms of “mental retardation” in the Federal Law to “intellectual disability” or “intellectual disabilities.” In 2017 there were revisions where there were terms eliminated and changed IDEA terms grounded on the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), as implemented by the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 2024). -
References
I couldn't find a way to share my references, but they will be part of my submission. I apologize and thank you!