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Period: to
Disabilities Rights Movement
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"A Mind that Found Itself" by Clifford Whittingham Beers
An autobiographical book of his time in an institution due to his mental breakdowns. This book are his reflections of the maltreatment for individuals with disabilities in the asylum he stayed in. This book went on to start the mental health movement in the United States. -
March of Dimes
A United States nonprofit organization that helped build awareness of disabilities in terms of birth defects, premature infants, and infant mortality. This organization paved the way towards awareness of medical conditions in need for funding and treatment. -
The New Frontier: Deinstitutionalization by JFK
During this time, individuals with disabilities were receiving minimal funds from the state and federal government and were therefore neglected. Insitutions were under staffed and overcrowded. Mental Retardation (Intellectual Disabilities) were brought to light. -
Period: to
Christmas in Purgatory
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"Christmas in Purgatory" published
A photographic expose of America's institutions by Dr. Burton Blatt, founder of the Center on Human Policy, Syracuse University and Fred Kaplan, a freelance photographer -
Wolf Wolfensberger: Normalization
During the 70s, normaization became part of the deinstitutionalization movement. Wolf Wolfensberger introduced this concept to the American public with his published work called "The Principle of Normalization in Human Services." -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act - PL 94-142
This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. -
American with Disabilities Act
The ADA is a wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits, under certain circumstances, discrimination based on disability. It affords similar protections against discrimination to Americans with disabilities as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which made discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, and other characteristics illegal. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
It was initially created to assure that all children were receiving a free and appropriate public education (FAPE). -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Reauthorization
A United States law which aims to help ensure equity, accountability and excellence in education for children with disabilities. There are approximately 6.7 million children and youth with disabilities in public schools across the United States. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on December 3, 2004. It became effective July 1, 2005 with the exception of different elements to the "highly qualified teacher" section. It authorizes formula grants to states, discretionary grant
