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First special education school in united states that opened in Hartford, Connecticut created by Thomas H. Gallaudet and Larent Clerc. https://www.ctmq.org/oldest-school-etc-for-deaf-in-us/ -
This law mandates parents to have their children attend schooling for a period of time, starting ages are 5-7 and ending ages are 16-17. The law first started in Massachusetts and later spread to different states. Although public schools still excluded children with disabilities. https://www.findlaw.com/education/education-options/compulsory-education-laws-background.html -
https://casetext.com/case/state-ex-rel-beattie-v-board-of-edn-city-of-antigo/case-summaries?PHONE_NUMBER_GROUP=P Merritt Beattie who was 13 years old was crippled with paralysis which affected his speech, applicability to control expressions, and uncontrollable flow of saliva which caused a "nauseating effect" to his teachers and classmates. The school district wanted to excluded him from their school and his father took it to the state of Wisconsin where they too agreed with the school -
CEC was founded to improve educational success of the disabled and gifted or talented. It started off with 12 members and the founder in the beginning was Elizabeth E. Farrell https://exceptionalchildren.org/about-us#:~:text=Our%20Founding,members%20on%20August%2010%2C%201922. -
This group was created by parents of disabled children to assist children of their region who had been taken away from their public schools. https://cuyahogabdd.org/about-us/history/#:~:text=The%20Cuyahoga%20County%20Council%20for,excluded%20from%20their%20public%20schools.&text=organization. -
Leo Kanner came up with the first "systematic description of early infantile autism". https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09540261.2018.1455646?journalCode=iirp20#:~:text=In%201943%2C%20Leo%20Kanner%20published,biologically%20provided%20contact%20with%20people'. -
Founded by parents of developmentally disabled children to serve people with intellectual and developmental disabilities -
The first institution for research on exceptional children was opened at the the University of Illinois it expanded special education on the "slower learner" https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/education/education-terms-and-concepts/special-education#:~:text=In%201951%20the%20first%20institution,know%20today%20as%20learning%20disability. -
This court decision led to a deeper understanding that all people have a right to public education including their race, gender or disability https://www.naesp.org/sites/default/files/resources/1/Principal/2008/N-Oweb2.pdf -
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This court case ruled that Pennsylvania education laws were unconstitutional and the state was then ordered to provide a free public education to all students -
The significance of this court case is that the court ruled that all disabled students should be given public education even if they aren't able to pay for it -
This act protected the rights of disabled individuals and prohibited discrimination based on disabilities
It covers a person with a mental or physical impairment https://www.greatschools.org/gk/articles/what-is-section-504/ -
Created FAPE which is Free appropriate public education to each child with a disability https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/idea35/history/index_pg10.html#:~:text=94%2D142%20guaranteed%20a%20free,local%20community%20across%20the%20country. -
NCLD was founded by Carrie and Pete Rozelle, they sought to "provide leadership, public awareness and grants to support research and innovative practices in learning disabilities" https://www.ncld.org/about/#:~:text=NCLD%20was%20founded%20in%201977,innovative%20practices%20in%20learning%20disabilities. -
This act declared that every state are required to give all of their students with disabilities a free appropriate public education https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oii/nonpublic/idea1.html -
This was the first court case that was sent to supreme court to decide FAPE mandate. Amy Rowley was a deaf student who was declined an interpreter that her parents preferred for her to have instead of other forms of communication. Court case that established the Rowley standard containing two parts; seeing if the school has complied with procedures of the IDEA and decides if the IEP created through IDEA's achieves educational benefits -
Court case that marked the first decision making involving least restrictive environment. The court ruled with the school for the student to be moved to a special education school rather than public while the parents disagreed. However the 9 year old student didn't show enough progress in the regular education classroom https://specialeducationandthelaw.weebly.com/major-case-law.html -
This act was to provide fees for attorneys' and to clarify rights, procedures, and remedies for the laws against discrimination https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/99/s415 -
Court case that ruled California school board had violated EAHCA (Education for all Handicapped Children Act) for suspending a student for violent/disruptive behavior that correlated with their disability. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Honig-v-Doe -
The EHA was renamed to IDEA (The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act) to focus on the individual as well as improving post-education opportunities. Also establishing 6 pillars to meet education needs and progress; IEP, FAPE, LRE, appropriate evaluation, parent and teacher participation, and procedural safeguards -
Signed by President Clinton this act promoted new research and treatment for children's health. The special focus of it's research being Autism https://clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov/WH/New/html/Wed_Oct_18_101652_2000.html -
President George W. Bush established executive order #13227, which studied issues related to education programs in order to improve educational performance of disabled students http://www.ldonline.org/article/6364/#:~:text=On%20October%202%2C%202001%2C%20President,performance%20of%20students%20with%20disabilities. -
Passed through congress in 2001 but wasn't signed until 2002 by President George W. Bush. This law increased schools responsibility for academic progress of all students https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/no-child-left-behind-an-overview/2015/04#:~:text=What%20is%20NCLB%3F,Secondary%20Education%20Act%20of%201965. -
This act defined devices as "any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase maintain or improve functional capabilities." and also defined assistive technology services as "any service that directly assists an individual with a disability in selection, acquisition, or use of an assistive technology device." signed by President Bush to ensure future funding of assistive technology -
Endrew F. attended a public school as a fifth grade student who is autistic his parents took him out and decided to put him into private school because they felt he wasn't being given adequate schooling. His parents then wanted to sue for reimbursement of the private schools tuition. But the court decided that Endrew's parents weren't able to provide enough to show that his school didn't provide FAPE. This was decided on March 22, 2017 https://www.oyez.org/cases/2016/15-827