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Mexican Revolution Begins
The Mexican Revolution is a major armed conflict occuring between 1910-1917. 100 years earlier Porfirio Díaz helped to free Mexico fom Spanish rule. Failure from Porfirio Díaz's government brought about problems within the country. There were many assassinations and retaking of power. The war began on this date in 1910 and ended in 1917, but fighting continued until 1942. -
Francisco Madero Replaces Porfirio Díaz
Madero became president in November 1911 and appointed officials which included many of Porfirio Díaz's supporters. However, Madero was unable to achieve what he wanted because people who followed Díaz were still following his policies. Madero was good at managing rebellions. He launched an infrastructure program and building schools. As well as, launching a modest program of school lunches for the poor. Madero was a good leader overall, but still fell like others to follow him. -
Catholic Church Decides to Support Huerta
In 1912, the church founded a new political party, the National Catholic Party. However, the NCP and Madero clashed. The NCP obtained several seats in the congressional elections of 1912, but they didn't affect anything. The NCP did not support Huerta at first because he assassinated Madero. Then Huerta promised 100 seats in congress to the NCP. From then on the NCP stayed on Huerta's side. -
General Victoriano Huerta Murders Francisco Madero
Following his enforced resignation, Madero was kept under guard in the National Palace. On the 22 of February he was told that he was to be transferred to the main city penitentiary, where he would be safer. Reporters saw two cars containing Madero emerge from the main gate under a heavy escort commanded by Captain Francisco Cardenas. Soon reporters couldn't see anything. Then they herd a volley of gunshots, but Cardenas' story was almost disregarded. -
Diego Rivera Painted "The Zapatista Landscape"
"Zapatista Landscape" is called Rivera's "Mexican Masterpiece." He painted it while living in Paris. The composition wassuggested by a portrait of the revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata. Rivera relocated Casasola's interior shot to the outdoors, placing Zapata, whose presence is suggested by a sombrero, serape and rifle, against a grand mountain range of the Valley of Mexico. "The Zapatista Landscape" is the centerpiece for something called Rivera's Cubist Period. -
Pancho Villa Invades the U.S.
The Battle of Columbus began as a raid conducted by Pancho Villa's Division of the North on the town of Columbus, New Mexico. The raid escalated into a full-scale battle between Villistas and the United States Army. Villa himself led the assault, only to be driven back into Mexico. The attack angered Americans and President Woodrow Wilson ordered the Punitive Expedition in which the US Army invaded Mexico in return. The American expedition was unsuccessful. -
Official End of the Mexican Revolution
Carranza achieved little change while in office, and those who wanted to see a new, liberal Mexico after the revolution were disappointed.[3] Mexico was in desperate stress in 1917. The revolutionary fighting had decimated the economy, destroyed the nation's food supply, and the social disruption resulted in widespread disease. Carranza also faced many armed, political enemies. But eventually he was able to enact a new contstitution in order to help Mexico. -
Venustiano Carranza Becomes President
Carranza had set up a government with himself as head. This government printed money, passed laws, etc. When Huerta fell, Carranza (supported by Obregón) was the strongest candidate to fill the spot. Hostilities with Villa and Zapata broke out almost immediately. Although Villa had a more formidable army, Obregón was able to publically shame Villa. Carranza also held Mexico's two main ports, and therefore was collecting more revenue than Villa. -
Carranza Assassinates Zapata
In early 1919, events conspired to cause the death of Zapata. Zapata wrote a note to bring to someone in jail offering them to switch to his side. The note, however, ended up on General Gonzalez's desk. Gonzalez told the man in jail to write back to Zapata to bring him close. Zapata and the man in jail arranged a meeting and, at the meeting Zapata was shot down and killed. -
Assassination of Carranza
Carranza was asleep during a fight between his forces and a former allies forces. He was heading to Veracruz to regroup with allies but would never make it. He had broken his leg recently, and while he ws]as asleep during the ambush he was shot in the chest and fingers. His last words were "Lawyer, they have already broken one of my legs." Some people believe he committed suicide but no one is exactly sure. -
Assassination of Pancho Villa
On Friday, 20 July 1923, Villa was killed while visiting Parral. Villa had gone into the town without his bodyguards, taking only a few associates with him. He went to pick up a consignment of gold from the local bank with which to pay his Canutillo ranch staff. On his way back 7 rifelmen shot at him from the street shooting more than 40 shots. 9 shots hit Villa killing him instantly. -
Cárdenas Becomes President
Cárdenas won and entered office with a radical mandate, or command, in the new Six Year Plan. He proceeded to carry it out and gave the people personal attention and patience. His six-year term was marked by maintaining his revolutionary faith. Much of his term was spent on the road visiting remote villages and listening to the complaints and ideas of the people of Mexico. Labor injustices took a major turn under Cárdenas. He also nationalized petroleum and other mining companies. -
Diego Rivera Paints "The History of Mexico"
The History of Mexico mural was executed between 1929 and 1935 by Diego Rivera. The subject of the mural is Mexico's history from ancient times to the present. They depict the many struggles of the common Mexican people to fight against the Spanish, the French, and the dictators that controlled the country at different points in its history. This is a government sponsored project like many others. Diego Rivera was a communist radical who used paintings to disgrace the leaders of Mexico. -
Cárdenas Institutes the Labor Reform
One of Cårdenas' major reforms was the labor reform. It guarenteeed worker rights such as 8 hour days and workers were allowed to strike. A labor organization was already in place when Cårdenas came to be president, but he strengthened it. Cårdenas promoted Toledano's "purified" Confederation of Mexican Workers, which evolved into the Mexican Confederation of Workers or CTM. They were with Cårdenas but were not controlled by him. -
Mexico Joins WWII
Right after ex-presdients of Mexico stood on stage of Mexico City Zocalo showing support towards Britain and the U.S. they enetered WWII. The event in Mexico City finally marked the end of fighting in Mexico. After more than 30 years of conflict it finally ended. President Cårdenas and his reforms helped shape the country again. Civilians could see a beginning of political and governmental stability.
