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Sandhurst Manifesto
The Sandhurst Manifesto was a political manifesto signed on December 1, 1874 by the then Prince Alfonso of Bourbon (future King Alfonso XII of Spain), while he was in exile. In the document he showed his willingness to become king and supporter of a constitutional monarchy. -
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Reign of Alfonso XII
Alfonso XII of Bourbon was King of Spain between 1875 and 1885. He was the son of Queen Elizabeth II and King Francisco of Asís of Bourbon. The beginning of his reign ended the First Republic and gave way to the period known as Restoration. -
PSOE is founded
PSOE was founded at the Casa Labra in Madrid on May 2, 1879 around 25 people: 16 typographers, four doctors, a doctor of science, two jewelers, a marble worker and a shoemaker; led by the typographer Pablo Iglesias Posse.
PSOE was the second socialist and workers party that was founded in the world. -
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Regency of Maria Christine
The Regency of Maria Christine of Habsburg is the period of the reign of Alfonso XIII of Spain in which, due to the minority of King Alfonso XIII's age, the head of state was held by his mother Maria Christine of Habsburg.The regency begins in November 1885, when King Alfonso XII dies (months before Alfonso XIII was born) and ends in May 1902. -
Bases of Manresa
Bases of Manresa are the document presented as a Catalan regional constitution project for a presentation by the Catalan Union before the council of representatives of Catalan associations, meeting in Manresa (Barcelona) on March 25 and 27, 1892 on the initiative of the League of Catalonia. The Bases of Manresa are usually considered as the "birth certificate of political Catalanism", at least the conservative one. -
Teatry of Paris of 1898
Spanish fleets were destroyed by the US and Spain was forced to sign this treaty, where they recognized the independence of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. -
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Reign of Alfonso XIII
He acceded to the throne in 1902 in a political environment.
From the moment of his birth in May 1886, he was already king, because his father Alfonso XII had died five months earlier. During his minority, the Head of State was held by his mother María Cristina of Habsburg as regent.When he was sixteen years old and swore the Constitution of 1876, he began his personal reign which lasted until April 14, 1931, when he had to go into exile when the Second Republic was proclaimed. -
Tragic Week of 1909
Tragic Week are the events that occurred in Barcelona and other cities in Catalonia between July 26 and August 2, 1909.The trigger for these violent events was the decree of the Antonio Maura government to send troops from reserve for Spanish possessions in Morocco, at that time very unstable, the majority of these reservists being the parents of the working classes. The unions called a general strike. -
Disaster of Annual
Disaster of Annual was a brutal defeated that suffered Spain in the Rio War against Morocco, resulting in 10000 deaths widespread public commotion, negatively influencing public opinion. -
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Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
The Primo de Rivera dictatorship was the political regime that existed in Spain from the coup d'etat of the Captain General of Catalonia, Miguel Primo de Rivera, on September 13, 1923, until his resignation on January 28, 1930 and his replacement by the "dictablanda" of General Berenguer. -
Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic
The proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic consisted of the establishment of the new republican political regime that succeeded the constitutional monarchy of Alfonso XIII de Borbón, who had been “delegitimized” by having allowed the Primo de Rivera dictatorship and who had failed in its attempt back to "constitutional normality" with the dictatorship of General Berenguer. -
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Second Spanish Republic
It existed in Spain between April 14, 1931, the date of its proclamation, replacing the monarchy of Alfonso XIII, and April 1, 1939, date of the end of the Civil War, that gave way to the Franco dictatorship.
The Cortes approved a new Constitution whose principles were the republican form and the democratic character of the state; secularism; and the integral State with political decentralization. There were not two chambers, but rather a unicameral Cortes or Parliament. -
October Revolution
October Revolution was a revolutionary strike movement that took place between October 5 and 19, 1934 during the second biennium of the Second Spanish Republic. This movement was encouraged by broad sectors and by important leaders of the PSOE and the UGT; and unequally by the CNT, the FAI and the PCE. -
Tragic Spring
Political violence reached its peak in what was known as the Tragic Spring of 1936, consisting of a wave of attacks and street violence between staunch falangist, communist and anarchist activists.
This occurred during the Second Spanish Republic. -
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Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was a warlike conflict between the republican side and the national side led by General Francisco Franco.
It was unleashed in Spain after the partial failure of the coup d'etat of July 17 and 18, 1936 carried out by a part of the armed forces against the Government of the Second Republic.
Later it would affect an economic crisis. -
Bombing of Gernika
It was an air attack carried out on the civilian population of this Spanish population on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish civil war, by the German Condor Legion and the Italian Legionary Aviation, which were fighting in favor from the rebel side against the government of the Second Spanish Republic. -
End of the Civil War
The withdrawal of the last republican troops east of the Ebro marked the end of the Spanish Civil War.
The last part of the Spanish Civil War was signed by General Francisco Franco on April 1, 1939 on a sheet of paper with the letterhead of the "Generalissimo General Headquarters. General Staff". It is a very famous short text in Spain.
