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Indian National Congress Party
The Indian National Congress Party was the first nationalist movement to form in the British Empire in Asia. The purpose of the Congress Party was to make India independent of British rule. Image: https://scroll.in/article/808526/indian-national-congress-1885-2016 -
Partition of Bengal
This was the first attempt to break up a province of India by the British colonial government. This partition occurred because of the Bengal-based rising nationalist movement that was challenging the colonial rule. The photograph is a meeting Muslims had in favor of the partition of Bengal. Image: https://www.thedailystar.net/in-focus/news/the-decision-partition-bengal-1905-1816591 -
Muslim League
The Muslim League focused on the protection of Muslim rights during independence. The Muslim League demanded a divided India with one state for Muslims and another for non-Muslims. The photograph is from the first Muslim League meeting where they laid down foundations. Image:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League#/media/File:All_India_Muslim_league_conference_1906_attendees_in_Dhaka.jpg -
The Arrest of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was arrested by British officials because he encouraged people to protest.He was sentenced to six years in prison for engaging and motivating others to protest the British colonial government in India Image:https://knappily.com/on%20this%20day/march-18-1922-gandhi-is-sentenced-to-six-years-in-prison/5aaeca9c6e0a8c7f05195276 -
The Massacre at the Qissa Khwani Bazaar
A day of peaceful protest in Peshawar was met with violence from the British military resulting in over 200 Muslim civilian deaths. The photograph shows the British army lined up on the day of the protest. Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qissa_Khwani_massacre#/media/File:Qissakhwanibazaarmassacre.jpg -
Direct Action Day
On this day, Muslims were encouraged to urgently demonstrate their demands for partition. As a result, riots broke out in Calcutta. During the few days of rioting in Calcutta, more than 5,000 people were killed, and 100,000 became homeless. The horrible fighting spread throughout British India. Image:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_Action_Day#/media/File:Calcutta_1946_riot.jpg -
A Call For An Independent Sikh State
After the riots ended, people began supporting the idea of a partition, especially in Punjab. The Shiromani Akali Dal, a dominant Sikh political movement, passed a resolution. This resolution called for the creation of an independent Sikh state called Khalistan. Image: https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/features/shiromani-akali-dal-since-1920-11011 -
British House of Commons passed the Indian Independence Act
On June 15, 1947, the British House of Commons passed the Indian Independence Act, which is also known as the Mountbatten Plan. This act divided the country of India in half, creating a Muslim nation called Pakistan. Image:https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/indian-independence-act-329774-2016-07-18 -
Pakistan Independence Day
On August 14, 1947, Pakistan was officially a new and free nation. Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first governor of the new Muslim nation. Image: https://www.brandsynario.com/15-rare-images-of-pakistan-india-partition-1947/ -
India's Independence Day
On August 15, 1947, Great Britain granted British India its independence. Despite riots and protests, some Muslims stayed in India and the Sikh population never became independent. Image:https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19760815-images-india-independence-day-august-15-1947-819279-2015-04-10
