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Jan 1, 1100
English Monarchs
Monarchs rule but noble families gained power via land in excahnge for loyalty,tax money and military support -
Jan 1, 1215
Magana Carta
Magna Carta-nobles force King John who was treating them harshly,to sign a document
*limited power of monarch-no one could be above the law!
* Everyone would get equal treatment under the law
*Trial by ones peers -
Jan 1, 1300
Next king devolps a group that represents common people-parliment
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English colonies in America (1600s-1700s)
- Accept common law
- No ruler is above the law
- Should have basic rights protected
- Should have a voice in government
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House of burgesses (VA)
1st representative assembly/ legislature in government -
Mayflower compact
Established direct democracy -
John Locke
*an english writer
*people were born free,equal and independent
*born with natural rights to life,liberty and property that no government could take away
*government must maintain social contract
* people gave up part of there freedom in exchange for the protection of natural rights -
Enlightenment
- Locke and Montesquieu were engligtenment thinkers *belived god had created an orderly universe
- the laws of the universe could be discovered through the use of human reason
- laws that governed nature also applied to human life and society
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Fundamental order of Connecticut
- First written constitution in America
- Assembly of elected representatives from each town to make laws
- Popular election of governor and judges
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Massachusetts body of liberties
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1683 Pennsylvania frame of government and 1701 charter of privileges
- Establish basis of US constitution and bill of rights
- Colonists believed egalitarianism- equality
- Part of this was the belief that colonists has all traditional rights of native English people
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The glorious revolution
The glorious revolution- parliment removes king James the third and replaces him with his daughter MAry and husband william. From this time on no ruler would have more power than parliment -
English bill of rights
*further restricted monarchs power
*guaranteed free elections to parliment
*right to a fair trial
*eliminated cruel and unusual punishments -
Baron De Montesquieu (1689-1755)
- divide branches of government into different parts to balance each other out so no one became to strong
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Mid 1700s
13 English colonies established
1. Each colony has a governor
Elected by the colonists or appointed by the king
2. Each had a legislature with representatives elected by free adult males -
Mid 1700s
- Colonists are not feeling they had rights of native English people because of taxes and limitations placed
- They had been self-sufficient representative government for 100 + years
- Not turning back or stopping now- we'll have to fight for independence
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Jean- Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
- Wrote the social contract
- People alone have the right to determine how they should be governed
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Albany plan of union
1st discussion of colonies for union against British goverment -
Proclamation of 1763
Can't live on land west of Appalachian mountains so as not to stir up the native Americans -
Stamp act
Tax on all paper goods -
Quartering act
Colonists must provide barracks and supplies to British troops -
Day stamp act repealded
Established declaratory act- parliament has the right to tax and make decisions for American colonies in all cases -
Townshend act
Allowed British government custom officers to enter anywhere suspected of smuggling(because many colonists were doing this because of taxes and boycotting) -
Boston Massacre
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Tea act
British could ship tea to the colonies without a tax making it cheaper to buy than colonial tea -
Boston tea party
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Philadelphia- First continental congress
Written to King George 3rd, we demand you to restore our rights as British citizens -
Battle of Lexington and Concor
1st battle of American revolution -
Thomas Paine "Common Sense" published
Moved many undecided colonists toward the belief that independence was the only course for actio -
Declaration of Independence written
- List of complaints against King
- Beliefs about independent rights
- Pulled ideas from Locke and Montesquieu