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Alfred Thayer Mahan
-Mahan stressed the independence of the military and control of the sea.
-Mahan greatly influenced the buildup of naval forces in the years prior to WW1.
-Alfred phrase was "wether they will or not, Americans must now begin to look outwards". The growing production of the century demands it. -
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Sanford B. Dole
-Dole served as the first and only resident of Hawaii after he and others over threw queen Liliuokalani.
-Grover Cleveland was the first president of us that annexed Hawaii as a state in 1889.
-One of Doles cousins later became the attorney general of Hawaii & another one of his cousins founded the Dole Food Company in Hawaii. -
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Expanding World Power
In this time period, America changes their view from internal expansion and domestic issues to becoming a global force, both economically and military. -
USS Maine
The USS Maine was sent to cuba to protect American citizens while cuba revolutionaries were fighting to win independence from spain-Publishers dulitzer & heart newspaper deliberately sensationalized the news, depicting the Spaniards as murderous & brutes in order to sell newspaper, having medias reaction outraged americans & embarrassed spain. This technique became known as Yellow Journalism. -
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Theodore Roosevelt
-On July 1, 1998 U.S. forces, including Teddy Roosevelt's Rough Riders, defeated greatly outnumbered Spanish forces at San Juan Hill near the Spanish stronghold of Santiago de Cuba.
-Theodore Roosevelt was the assistant secretary of the navy he resigned in 1898 to orginize the "Rough Riders" the first voluntary cavalry in the Spanish American war. -
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Spanish American War
-After the explosion of the USS Maine and U.S. wanted European powers to remain out western hemisphere were reasons of war.
-Military actions happened in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam.
-The treaty of Paris was signed, U.S. gained the Philippines, Guam, and all Spain's colonies and Puerto Rico with exception Cuba.
-Do to U.S. win they become known as world power. -
Open Door Policy
The open door policy gave all nations equal rights when trading with china.
-The boxer rebellion threatened the lives of foreigners living in china.
-An International army crushed the rebellion. -
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Presidency Of Theodore Roosevelt
-Roosevelt was governor of NY before becoming vice president.
-At the age of 42 became president.
-Roosevelt once said "speak softly and carry a big stick you will go far" and established a foregin diplomacy ideology nicknamed "big stick diplomacy" .
-The meaning of the phrase advises a tactic of caution and non aggression backed by the ability to do violence if required.
-Roosevelt was a patron of national parks.
-Wanted to protect national parks and forest like the grand canyon. -
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Panama Canal By U.S.
American and British leaders as well as businessmen wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
-The Panama Canal symbolized U.S. technological prowess and economic power.
-The U.S. protected the rebels when they took control of a 10 mile strip.
-51 mile length took 10 years to complete at a cost of thousands of lives and $400 million. -
Roosevelt Corollary
-The Roosevelt Corollary changed the monroe doctrine.
-The monroe doctrine blocked further expansion of Europe in the western hemisphere, the Roosevelt corollary went one step further.
-Renounced interventionism and established his good neighbor policy for the western hemisphere. -
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Dollar Diplomacy
-The goal was to create stability aboard and promote American commercial interests.
-Another goal was to use private capital to further U.S. interest overseas.
-The policy evident in extensive U.S. interventions in Venezuela, Cuba, and Central America.