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Start of the French Revolution
The people of the 3rd estate in France had finally had enough, they decided to revolt, and the French Revolution started! -
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Toussaint L'Ouverture leads slave revolt
The former slave Toussaint led slave revolts against the wealthy plantation owners of Saint-Domingue. His revolts lead to Saint-Domingue finally gaining their independence. -
Haiti wins independence
After years of fighting & waiting, Saint-Domingue is finally declared a republic and renamed Haiti. -
Napoleon is crowned emperor of France
Two years after crowning himself consul, Napoleon gains enough power to build the French empire & he crowns himself emperor. -
Colombia gains independence
The Colombian people revolted against the Spanish and the Spanish finally released their control of Colombia. -
Father Miguel Hidalgo inspires revolution in Mexico
Roman Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo rang the bell of his church and called for a revolution to gain Mexico's independence from Spain. -
Venezuela gains independence
As Napoleon invaded Spain, the colonists in Venezuela took this opportunity to their advantage, and claimed their independence from Spain. -
Argentina is liberated
After many years of fighting against Spanish Royalists, Argentina defeated them in Northern Argentina & they gained their independence. -
Chile is liberated
San Martin defeated Spanish at the battle of Chacabuco & he liberated Chile. -
Peru gains independence
Both San Martin and Bolivar sparked the Peruvian War of Independence, and together they liberated Peru from Spanish control. -
Mexico gains independence
On this day in history, the Treaty of Córdoba was signed & Mexico became a sovereign nation. -
Ecuador gains independence
San Martin liberated many cities in Ecuador from Spanish control to add to his "Gran Colombia" but it soon fell & Venezuela became liberated. -
Bolivia gains independence
The Bolivian War of Independence was led by Simon Bolivar and it lasted around 15 years, and they then gained their independence from Spain. -
Guiseppi Mazzini creates "Young Italy"
Young Italy was a secret society that had the goal of creating a unified Italian Republic. -
Zollverein
The customs union that dissolved tariff barriers between the German-speaking states other than Austria, and this created free trade between them. -
Camillo Cavour becomes Prime Minister of Sardinia
Camillo Cavour became the prime minister of Sardinia, and he fought for a unified Italian Republic. -
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Italian Role in the Crimean War
The Sardinians fought in the Crimean war with the French against Russia. The French won & in exchange for their help the French fought with Sardinia against Austria in a later war & Austria was defeated. -
Garibaldi's Red Shirts capture Sicily
Garibaldi's red shirts were volunteers who wore redshirts & they followed him during his expedition of the Thousand and together they captured Sicily. -
Victor Emmanuel 2 is crowned King of unified Italy
Victor Emmanuel 2 was the king of Sardinia and once the unified Italian Republic was born, he was crowned king. -
Bismarck becomes Prime Minister
Bismarck was appointed Prime Minister of Prussia and soon got the nickname "The Iron Chancellor" due to his love of war. -
Blood and Iron Speech
Bismarck approached the German parliament and asked for more money to fund wars for German unification. -
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Second Schleswig War
Prussia formed an alliance with Austria and they fought against Denmark to gain control of the two German-speaking, but Danish kingdoms. Denmark was defeated and Austria gained control of Holstein and Prussia gained control of Schleswig. -
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Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War was fought for territory. It lasted a mere 7 weeks and resulted in a Prussian victory, the result was Prussia gained control of Holstein & other north German states -
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Franco-Prussian War
Bismarck edited a letter called the "Ems Dispatch" to make it look like William 1 was insulting Napoleon 3 & this stirred nationalist feelings. France was furious, they declared war & lost, the result of this was the birth of the German Empire. -
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The 2nd Reich
The 2nd Reich was also known as Imperial Germany, or the German Empure. It was the time of a unified Germany that was made possible by Otto Von Bismarck's hard work & dedication.
