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Haitian Revolution
Saint Domingue, now known as Haiti, was under French's power. About 500,000 enslaved African workers were working on French plantations. They outnumbered their masters and their masters would torture them with brutal methods. However, the slaves began to rose up against their masters. A leader came named Toussaint L'Ouverture agreed to stop the revolution if France ended slavery. The French did not agree and they accused him of planning another uprising. -
Haitian Revolution Cont.
General Jean-Jacques Dessalines rose up to gain independence from France -
Latin American Wars of Independence- (North, Simon Bolivar)
While Venezuela was under Spain's control, Simon Bolivar struggled for gaining their independence. Him and his volunteers suffered many defeats. However in August 1819, he led more than 2,000 soldiers through Andes. In the direction they where going, he surprised the Spanish army and won successfully in victory. There he won Venezuela's independence. Soon after, he met Jose de San Martin in Ecuador where they would decide the future of the Latin American revolutionary movement. -
Mexican War of Independenc
Mexico was under Spain's power. Padre Miguel Hidalgo issued a day called the "grito de Dolores" where peasants called for rebellion against Spain. However he was defeated in 1811 by Spain army and creoles. Padre Jose Maria Morelos led the revolution until 1815 but was defeated by Agustin de Iturbide. Mexico's creoles feared losing their privileges in the Spain-controlled colony so they united to support Mexico's independence. Itirbide proclaimed independence in 1821. -
Brazilian Independence Cont.
On September 7, 1822, Brazil had won its independence in a bloodless revolution. -
Brazilian Independence
Brazil was first discovered by the Portuguese in the 16th century. Napolean's army invaded Spain and Portugal because he wanted to close the ports of these countries to British shipping. French troops tried to gain military and political power but had been unsuccessful. King John's son stayed in Brazil and he planned to make Brazil a colony again. Creoles demanded Brazil's independence from Portugal and many Brazilians signed a petition asking Dom Pedro to rule. He agreed to do so. -
Latin American Wars of Independence- (South, San Martin)
San Martin's Argentina had declared its independence in 1816. However, Spanish forces posed a threat. San Martin led an army on a march through Andes to Chile and there he joined with Bernardo's forces. With there help, they freed Chile. San Martin planned to drive the Spanish forces out of Lima, Peru but to do that he needed a larger force. San Martin left his army for Bolivar to command. Bolivar went to defeat the Spanish with his army on December 9, 1824. There he gained independence for all. -
Greek Revolution Cont.
...but they had to fight on their own. It was a bloody revolution but they were able to gain their independence. -
Greek Revolution
The Greeks, inspired by the French Revolution, were in the desire to get their freedom from the Ottoman Empire. The Greek Revolution was a successful war carried out by the Greeks to win independence from the Ottoman Empire. They fought their independence war from 1821 to 1832. The revolution began when Alexander Ypsilantis invaded Jassy and declared Greece a free country. The Greek army of the Peloponesse was led by Theodoros Kolokotronis. The Greeks have gotten help from the Great Power,... -
Romanticism
Romanticism was the attitude that characterized many works of literature, painting, music, architecture, criticism, and historiography in Western civilization that ran from the late 18th to the mid-19th century. It was also to some matter a reaction against the Enlightenment and against 18th-century rationalism and physical materialism in general. It stressed strong emotion, horror, and the frightening experienced in confronting the maximum of nature. It took up folk art, language, and custom. -
German Unification Cont.
...German affairs. Bismarck soon brought all German states under one power. -
German Unification
The German Unification was from 1850 to 1871. Germany used to be split up into little different countries. In 1862, Otto von Bismarck reorganized the Prussian army for war. In 1864, he made an alliance with Austria to fight for Schleiswig and Holstein. Prussia won Schleiswig and Austria now controlled Holstein. Austrian Holstein was now surrounded by Prussian lands. Bismarck started a war with Austria, the Seven Weeks' War, and Prussia beat the Austrian army. Austria removed itself from all... -
Italian Unification
Camillo di Cavour directed the Italian Unification. Cavour decides to strengthen Sardinia by building a military and an economy. He reduced power of Catholic church. Cavour builds up military and mobilizes against Austria. Austria attacks Sardinia and France comes to help. Sardinia gains Lombardy but France makes peace with Austria and lets them keep Venetia. Smaller Italian states join with Sardinia and France takes Nice and Savoy. Italy soon gained more land to make up what Italy is today.
