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Haitian Revolution
The event happened from 1791 to 1804. It was an anti-slavery and anti-colonial event that took place in French colony, Saint-Domingue. The conflict was between Haitian slaves, colonist, and French colonizers. It resulted in the Haitians winning in victory and declaring its independence. -
Mexican War of Independence
September 16, 1810, father Miguel Hidalgo started a rebellion act with peasant, Indians and mestizo (80,000 people) against the Spanish, known as "the cry of Dolores." The act was not successful as they were defeated in 1811. Another rebellion act was rallied around another leader, father Jose Maria Morelos who was defeated by A'gustin de Iturbide who later in 1821 proclaimed independence from Spain. -
Simon Bolivar South American Wars of Independence
In 1811, Simon Bolivar who was writer, fighter and political thinker declared his native country, Venezuela independence from Spain. Later becoming exile twice because of numerous defeats. In August of 1819 he led 2,000 soldiers to Colombia and took Spanish army by surprised which resulted in him winning. Later on meeting Jose de San Martin in Venezuela where together they decided the future for Latin America. -
Jose de San Martin South America War of Independence
Jose de San Martin declared Argentina independence in 1816. He led his army to Chile where he met Bernardo O'Higgins to help free Chile. In 1822, he met Simon Bolivar in Ecuador where they combined their groups to get rid of remaining Spanish forces out of Lima, Peru. On December 9, 1824, the big army defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Ayacucho. -
Brazilian Independence
On September 7, 1822, Brazil gained its independence. It happened without bloodshed. A royal member of Portuguese royal family helped in freeing Brazil from Portugal. For 14 years the royal family ruled Brazil and when the family returned to Portugal, the son of King John stayed . King John on 1822 planned to make Brazil a colony again, Dom Pedro declared the independence on September 7, 1822. -
Romanticism
Romanticism was a movement that was started by enlightenment ideas, and reflected deep interest in nture and thought of feeling of the individual. It also started by nationalism. Emotions was the key element ad was beyond feeling and was expressed in wide range of ideas. -
Greek Revolution
Greeks were apart from Ottoman empire for centuries. Greeks were spurred by nationalist spirit, they demanded independence and rebelled the Ottoman Turks. The popular support for Greece grew and many powerful nations of Europe took side in fight and went against and defeated Ottoman fleet. In the end they signed a treaty to give independence to Greece. -
Italalian Unification
In 1852, Camillo di Cavour gained control of of northern Italy. In 1858, Cavour declared a war against Austria who had the help of Napoleon III which ended up with French-Sardinia army winning the battle taking all of northern Italy, except Venetia. In May 1860, Italian nationalists, led by Giuseppe Garibaldi captured Sicily, later meeting King Victor Emmanuel II in Naples where they decided he would rule. By 1870, Italian forces took over Papal State which was the last territory gained. -
German Unification
In 1848, Berlin rioters forced a constitutional convention to write up a liberal constitution. With the help of Prussia, German Unification was able to happen due to the population of Prussia mainly being German and the fact that their army was the most powerful in Central Europe.
