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Period: 1300 to
Renaissance & Reformation Timeline
Time stuff. -
Period: 1300 to
Carnival (Daily life/Culture)
Carnival is a three-day celebration where people eat, drink, and socialize. Carnival takes place right after Lent where they fast for 40 days. Carnival is a time for controlled disorder. This was also a time for people to buy fancy and borderline expensive clothing and celebrate.
Citation: http://teachersinstitute.yale.edu/curriculum/units/1986/3/86.03.06.x.html#i -
Period: 1300 to
Trade (Daily Life/Culture)
During the Renaissance, people had many encounters with trading. Trading was even some people's main source of income and even lead to the wealth of others. Trading also influenced many people to visit other places due to their trade centers that were there. Trade centers were in Florence, Venice, and East Asia.
Citation: Life During the Renaissance Notes. -
Period: 1300 to
Social Classes (Daily Life/Culture)
Social classes were huge in the Renaissance. The rights that you had varied based on your social class. 85-90% of the population were peasants. They worked on farms and were paid minimally. Around 7-13% of the population were townspeople. Townspeople traded, worked at banks and worked at industries. Lastly, there were nobles. The population of nobles was 2-3%. Nobles were born with power and were expected to be elegant and graceful. Nobles did not have to work.
Citation: Notes -
1364
Firearms (Inventions)
The invention of firearms changed the world as we knew it. In today's world, firearms are used on a daily basis. People use firearms to hunt, for self-defense, even to protect their country. The first firearm was called the Ribauldequin or the Organ gun.
Citatation: https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/12/06/the-ribauldequin-medieval-machine-gun-considered-as-the-predecessor-of-the-19-th-century-mitrailleuse/ -
1386
Birth of Donatello (Artists)
Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi, more commonly known as Donatello was a sculptor from Italy. His work was made out of either bronze or marble. He is known as one of the greatest Renaissance artists. He, along with many other Renaissance artists, even have a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle named after them.
Citations: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donatello -
1397
Cosimo de' Medici (Patrons of the arts)
In 1397 The Medici Bank opened up. Cosimo de' Medici represented the Medici Bank where he managed finances. Cosimo is also a patron of the arts. Meaning he donated to or funded art.
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cosimo-de-Medici -
1440
Printing Press (Inventions)
The printing press is an invention that allowed authors and other people to make multiple copies of paper documents without taking the time to do it by hand. Martin Luther used this device to make multiple copies of his famous 95 Theses and spread them around, which spread like wildfire.
Citations: https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/printing-press -
Apr 15, 1452
Birth of Leonardo Da Vinci (Artists)
Leonardo Da Vinci is very important, especially in the Renaissance. He is what I like to call the alpha Renaissance man. Da Vinci was an artist, engineer, architect, sculptor, musician, and even a writer. He is primarily famous for his paintings. His most famous paintings include The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
Citation: https://www.leonardoda-vinci.org/ -
1469
Lorenzo de' Medici (Patrons of the arts)
In 1469 Lorenzo de' Medici started ruling Florence, Italy. The thing that makes Lorenzo so special is that he was a patron of the arts, meaning he donated to and funded different artists. Also on a completely irrelevant note, he resembles Lord Farquaad a lot.
Citations: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lorenzo-de-Medici -
Mar 6, 1475
Birth of Michelangelo (Artists)
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni commonly known by just Michelangelo was a painter, sculptor, and architect. He was known as the best artist in his lifetime. His most famous piece is a sculpture called David.
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelangelo -
Apr 6, 1483
Birth of Raphael (Artists)
Raffael Sanzio or Raffaello Santi or his most common name Raphael was a painter and architect from Italy. He was very famous for his time and still has popularity. His most famous work is called School of Athens.
Citation: https://www.britannica.com/topic/School-of-Athens -
May 4, 1493
Papal Bull (Literary Works)
The Papal bull was written by Pope Leo X. The Papal Bull states that Christianity should be known and practiced worldwide. The Papal Bull also stated that any land that Christians didn't inhabit was not really considered as land and could still be "discovered". In my opinion, I think this writing is very inconsiderate to people of other faith.
Citation: https://www.gilderlehrman.org/content/doctrine-discovery-1493 -
1498
The Last Supper is finished (Art/Artists)
Arguably the most famous painting, The Last Supper is finished by Leonardo Da Vinci.
Citations: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Last-Supper-fresco-by-Leonardo-da-Vinci -
Jul 17, 1505
Martin Luther becomes a monk (Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation)
Before Martin Luther became a monk he was actually in college. Luther decided to become a monk when he was caught in a bad lightning storm. He hoped and prayed to God that this storm wouldn't kill him and even said if his life was spared he would become a monk. That was when Martin Luther went to the Augustinian Monastery and became a monk.
Citaton: https://www.luther.de/en/leben/moench.html -
Apr 18, 1506
Construction of the Basilica (Catholic church)
April 18, 1506, the construction of the St. Peter's Basilica was started. This building was a big deal to the people of the Catholic faith. The primary reason the Catholic church sold indulgences was to raise funding for this building. However, the Basilica wasn't opened until November 18, 1626 -
1517
Indulgences (Catholic church)
In 1517 John Tetzel sold indulgences for the Catholic church. An indulgence is a piece of paper that stated you or a loved one could get out of purgatory and go straight to the afterlife but only if you bought one. This caused a lot of people to go and buy the indulgences whenever John Tetzel came to town, helping the Catholic church raise a lot of money.
Citation:http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his101%5Cweb%5C37luther.htm -
1517
Latin (Catholic church)
During the Renaissance, the Bible was only written in Latin. Latin was a language that most people didn't know how to speak. This caused people to not be able to read the scriptures for themselves and they believed anything the priests and preachers told them. This caused them to buy indulgences and give into other wrongdoings of the church.
Citation:https://www.thirdmill.org/newfiles/jac_arnold/CH.Arnold.RMT.1.html -
Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses (Literary Works)
October 31, 1517, was a big day in Renaissance history. Martin Luther took his 95 theses and nailed them on the wall of the Catholic church. The 95 theses became the core foundation of the Protestant Reformation. The 95 theses state all the wrongdoings of the Catholic church and that God will judge you based off of faith and not different from buying indulgences etc.
Citation: https://www.history.com/topics/reformation/martin-luther-and-the-95-theses#section_4 -
1520
Burning of the Papal Bull (Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation)
Heretic, Martin Luther burns Pope Leo X's Papal Bull. The things written in Leo's Papal Bull went against the church's word yet they still tried Martin Luther as a heretic. Out of rage, Luther and his followers burnt Leo's Papal Bull to make a statement.
Citation: https://lutheranreformation.org/history/burning-papal-bull/ -
Jan 3, 1521
Martin Luther is Communicated (Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation)
On this day Pope Leo X excommunicated Martin Luther from the Catholic church. He was excommunicated because he refused to recant his writings and books he has published, because of this he was declared a heretic.
Citation: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/martin-luther-excommunicated -
1522
German Bible (Literary Works)
After Martin Luther's excommunication, he translated the Latin Bible into German this made it so the people that spoke and understood German could enjoy the Bible and the teachings of God. This also cut back on the untrue things that the Catholic church was teaching because people were able to read scripture straight out of the Bible and determine what was right and wrong on their own.
Citation: https://www.tudorsociety.com/martin-luthers-influence-on-the-german-language-by-heather-r-darsie/ -
1543
Heliocentric Solar System (Scientific Discoveries)
In 1543 the Heliocentric Solar System theory was finally accepted. The Heliocentric Solar System actually caused a lot of disagreements and people to get in serious legal trouble. People who accepted this theory before it was proven correct were put into prison.
Citation: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/OrbitsHistory/page1.php -
1550
Violin (Inventions)
The violin was not made in 1550 but this was the year it became popular. The violin is a string instrument played with a bow. The violin has become very famous today in musical arts. Every orchestra has at least one violin and many musical covers of popular songs.
Citation: https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/violin/structure/ -
Magnetic Compass (Scientific Discoveries)
In 1597 the Magnetic compass was invented by Galileo in Padua. The magnetic compass was a groundbreaking invention that people all around the world still use to this day. The Magnetic compass has a needle in a circular container. The needle always points north due to the magnetic pull.
Citation: https://www.museogalileo.it/en/museum/learn/online/59-series-the-instruments-of-science/556-galileo-s-compass.html -
Telescope/Astronomy (Scientific Discoveries)
In 1608, famous astronomer, Galileo Galilei invented the first telescope. This led to numerous discoveries and provided more evidence on the famous heliocentric solar system theory. With the telescope came astronomy, the study of space. Without the telescope, there are so many things we would not have achieved astronomically.
Citation: https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance_science.php
