renaissance

printing revolution

1440

The printing press was invented in the Holy Roman Empire by the German Johannes Gutenberg around 1440, based on existing screw presses. Gutenberg, a goldsmith by profession, developed a complete printing system that perfected the printing process through all of its stages by adapting existing technologies to printing purposes, as well as making groundbreaking inventions of his own.

Lorenzo de 'Medici

Jan 1, 1449

Lorenzo de' Medici was an Italian statesman, de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy. Also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent by contemporary Florentines, he was a magnate, diplomat, politician and patron of scholars, artists, and poets.

Leonardo da Vinci

Apr 15, 1452

Leonardo was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time. his last supper and Mona Lisa are among the most widely popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance.

pope Pual III

Feb 29, 1468

Pope Paul III, born Alessandro Farnese, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 October 1534 to his death in 1549. He came to the papal throne in an era following the sack of Rome in 1527 and rife with uncertainties in the Catholic Church following the Protestant Reformation.

Albrecht Durer

May 21, 1471

Albrecht Durer, sometimes spelt in English as Durer or Duerer, was a German painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance. Born in Nuremberg, Durer established his reputation and influence across Europe when he was in his twenties due to his high-quality woodcut prints

Michelangelo

Mar 6, 1475

Michelangelo is an Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, and poet who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. he was considered one of the greatest artist of his time and ever sense then he's been one of the greatest of all time.

Thomas More

Feb 7, 1478

Sir Thomas More, venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. He also served Henry VIII as Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to May 1532.

Raphael

Apr 6, 1483

Raphael full name is Raffaello Sanzio or Raffaello Santi, he was one of the most famous painter and sculptors and architect of the Italian. Raphael is best known for his Madonnas and for his large figure compositions in the Vatican. His work is admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition and for its visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur.

Martin Luther

Nov 10, 1483

Martin Luther, O.S.A. was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, Augustinian monk, and a seminal figure in the Reformation. Luther was ordained to the priesthood in 1507. He came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church; in particular, he disputed the view on indulgences.

Thomas Cranmer

Jul 2, 1489

Thomas Cranmer was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and, for a short time, Mary I. During Cranmer's tenure as Archbishop of Canterbury, he was responsible for establishing the first doctrinal and liturgical structures of the reformed Church of England. Under Henry's rule, Cranmer did not make many radical changes in the Church, due to power struggles between religious conservatives and reformers.

Henry VIII

Jun 28, 1491

Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and, in particular, his efforts to have his first marriage annulled His six wives were, successively, Catherine of Aragon (the mother of the future queen Mary I), Anne Boleyn (the mother of the future queen Elizabeth I), Jane Seymour (the mother of Henry’s successor, Edward VI), Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr.

humanism

1500

Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the successive intellectual movements which have identified with it

John Calvin

Jul 10, 1509

John Calvin's full name is Jehan Cauvin. He was the leading French Protestant reformer and the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant Reformation. The Calvinist form of Protestantism is widely thought to have had a major impact on the formation of the modern world.

Elizabeth I

Sep 7, 1533

Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from November 17, 1558 until her death on March 24, 1603. Sometimes called the Virgin Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the last of the five monarchs of the House of Tudor

William Shakespeare

1564

William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's greatest dramatist.