Protestant Reformation Timeline

Protestant Reformation Timeline

Period: 1300 to 1700

Humanisn

1400

Humanism is a reliance on science and reason rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world. Humanists tend to advocate for human rights, free speech, progressive policies, and democracy.

Printing Press Cause: S

1436

Johann Guttenberg is credited with inventing the printing press in Europe. The printing press is social because it helped spread ideas that went against the Church which caused people to become curious and question the Church.

Pope Leo X Cause: SPE

Dec 11, 1475

1475-1521
Pope Leo X began to sell indulgences when he was the pope
The selling of indulgences played a part in people beginning to question the church and for Martin Luther to write his 95 Theses as he did not like the idea of indulgences.
He began selling indulgences when he needed money for St. Peters. Caused Martin Luther to question catholicism as indulgences seemed to irritate him.

Martin Luther Cause: SPE

Nov 10, 1483

1483-1546
Martin Luther was the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and his theological beliefs form the basis of Lutheranism.
He caused the Church to no longer be able to sell indulgences. Martin Luther caused the church to stop selling indulgences which was part of their economy and this fits into social and political as he was challenging the church and spread his ideas to people all over with the printing press and by using the church door to post his Theses.

Henry VIII

Jun 28, 1491

1491-1547
Henry VIII's Reformation Parliament, which sat from 1529 to 1536, fundamentally changed the nature of Parliament and of the English government. The King summoned it in order to settle what was called his 'great matter', his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, which the Papacy in Rome was blocking.

John Calvin

Jul 10, 1509

1509-1564
John Calvin was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation.

Indulgences Cause: E

1517

Indulgences were sold by the Catholic Church and they Church told people that they reduce the time they had to spend in purgatory so the rich people were able to buy their way into heaven. Indulgences caused people to start to question their faith as a catholic which led to ideas that went against the church. This is economic because they are selling the indulgences for money to build St. Peters.

95 Theses Cause: SP

Aug 31, 1517

Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses on the Church door.
The 95 Theses are a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther
This is social and Political because he's spreading his ideas and is going against the church

Diet of Worm Effect: P

Jan 28, 1521

The Diet of Worms of 1521 was an imperial diet of the Holy Roman Empire called by Emperor Charles V and conducted in the Imperial Free City of Worms. Martin Luther was summoned to the Diet in order to renounce or reaffirm his views in response to a Papal bull of Pope Leo X.
This is the effect of Martin Luther posting the 95 Theses on the church door this is political because the church ruled over Rome during the protestant reformation

Elizabeth I

Sep 7, 1533

1533-1603
Queen Elizabeth I restored England to Protestantism. This broke with the policy of her predecessor and half-sister, Queen Mary I, a Catholic monarch who ruthlessly tried to eliminate Protestantism from English society.

Jesuits

Sep 27, 1540

The Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits, is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome.

Council of Trent Effect: P

Dec 13, 1545

The Council of Trent was the Roman Catholic Church's answer to the Reformation. It met for three working periods over eighteen years, from 1545 to 1563, with a ten-year break in the middle.
Effect because it was the result of protestant reformation
This is political because the Church ruled over Rome

Peace of Augsburg Effects: SP

Sep 25, 1555

The Peace of Augsburg was the religious resolution to a conflict started in 1517 by Martin Luther's 95 Theses but it didn't allow for full religious tolerance within the Holy Roman Empire, it did give the Lutherans equal rights with Catholics.
This is an effect of Martin Luther posting his 95 Theses. This fits into social and political as it was the spreading of new ideas that changed the church and this is political as the church ruled over Rome during the 1500s.

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre Effect: S

Aug 24, 1572

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre was a targeted group of assassinations and a wave of Catholic mob violence directed against the French Calvinist Protestants during the French Wars of Religion.
This is an effect of the French Wars of Religion
This fits into social because the catholic people had to come together and plan their attack.

Edict Of Nantes Cause: P

Apr 13, 1598

The Edict of Nantes was signed in April 1598 by King Henry IV and granted the minority Calvinist Protestants of France, also known as Huguenots, substantial rights in the nation, which was predominantly Catholic
It caused the end to the Wars of Religion and granted religious and civil rights to Protestants in France.
This fits into political because King Henry IV ruled over France and he made the Edict which is a law/decree to grant the Huguenots substantial rights in the nation.