-
Seneca Falls Convention
-Lucretia Mott/Susan B. Anthony/Elizabeth Cady Stantion
-Declaration of Sentiments: Blueprint for suffrage movement based on the Declaration of Independence
-Women reformers strove to improve conditions at work and home -
Voting Restrictions:
Undermining Rights:
-LITERACY TEST: You had to take a test
-POLL TAXES: You had to pay to vote
-GRANDFATHER CLAUSE: If you had a grandparent that could vote before 1867, you can vote too -
Women Christian Temperance Union
-Formed in 1874
-Led by Francis Willard
-Inspired by religious morals and wives/mothers whose male family members because abusive, alcoholics, broke, etc. due to drinking
-Lobbied for local alcohol bans
-Anti-alcohol education programs
-Urban areas see alcohol as a problem
-Slogan: DO EVERYTHING
-Opened kindergartens for immigrants
-Visited Inmates in prisons and asylums -
Progressives:
-Reformers from this time period are collectively known as “Progressives”
-Ideas all progressives shared:
-Government should address social/economic problems
-Rejection of individualism collective social responsibly -
NAWSA: Nation American Women’s Suffrage Associations
-Elizabeth C Stanton was the first president
-Goal: Get most stats to pass woman’s suffrage =>Congress must pass an amendment
(First)
-Convince the state legislators to give women the right to vote
-Wyoming was the first state to give right in 1869
-Other are Utah, Colorado, and Idaho
(Second)
-Tried to trick the 14th amendment
-They would have women try to attempt to vote
(Third)
-Get an amendment to the Constitution
-Supported by the Women’s Trade Union
-The Women’s Christian Temperance Union -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
-Supreme Court ruled that separating the races in public accommodations did not violate the 14th amendment
- “separate but equal”
-Legalized racial segregation for 60 years -
New York Tenement House Law:
Established model housing code for safety and sanitation
-Minimum size and window requirements
-Require one full bathroom for every 2 families
-Indoor plumbing
-Setup Tenement House Department to perform inspections -
National Child Labor (1904):
-Collecting evidence documenting child labor
-Hire a photographer named Lewis Hines to photograph child labor -
-Upton Sinclair: “The Jungle” (1906)
-Exposed horrible conditions in the meatpacking industry
-Led to huge reforms in the food industry -
Food Industry Reforms:
-Meat Inspection Act (1906): authorized federal inspection of meat products
-Meat sources inspected before and after death
-Sanitary standards at slaughterhouses and processing plants
-Pure Food and Drug Act (1906): Regulated production of sale of food and medicines
-Prevents poisonous or spoiled products from being sold
-formed food and drug adminstation(fda) -
NAACP
-National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
-W.E.B. DuBois was the leader/president
-Goal: Get same rights as whites immediately
-Tactic: Change the laws -
17th Amendment
Direct election of senators
-Initiative: People can propose a law directly to other people without going through government
-Referendum: Voters approve or reject laws
-Recall (10 states): Allow voters to remove bad public officials from office -
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act (1916):
This Act was named for its sponsors, Democratic Representatives Edward Keating and Robert Latham Owen. The Act prohibited the shipment or delivery for shipment for interstate or foreign sale of any goods or services that were produced by laborers under the age of 14 in a factory, shop or cannery and under the age of 16 in a mine. Also, child laborers under 16 years old could only work from 6am to 7pm and not for more than eight hours a day and not more than six days a week. -
18th Amendment
-Congress passed 18th amendment: Banned “manufacture, sale, or transportation” of alcohol
-It was easily ratified
-It led to a lot of smuggling and organized crimes -
Prohibition Movement
Progressive movement of the early 1900s against the consumption, production and sale of alcohol