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Programming Languages Timeline

By Mandy121

  • Plankalkul

    Plankalkul
    • Name refers to a formal system for planning
    • Designed by Konrad Zuse
    • Designed for engineering purposes and to be used on the Z4 (one of the world’s first programmable computers)

  • Fortran

    • Name derived from Formula Translation
    • Developed by John Backus
    • Designed to be suited to numeric computation and scientific computing and to be used to aid scientific and mathematical programmers

  • MATH-MATIC

    • Developed by a team led by Charles Katz
    • Is an early programming language for UNIVAC; designed for providing algebraic-style expressions and floating-point arithmetic, and arrays (simplified programming of mathematical problems)

  • Lisp

    • Name derives from LISt Processor
    • Developed by John McCarthy
    • Used for artificial intelligence research

  • COBOL

    • Stands for Common Business Oriented Language
    • Developed by CODASYL (Conference/Committee on Data Systems Languages)
    • Designed for business use and is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments

  • RPG

    • Stands for Report Program Generator
    • Developed by IBM
    • A tool to replicate punched card processing on the IBM 1401; used for generation of reports from data files, matching records, and subtotal reports

  • BASIC

    • Stands for Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
    • Developed by John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz
    • Design emphasizes ease of use and enables students in fields other than science and mathematics to use computers

  • LOGO

    • Name is not an acronym
    • Designed by Wally Feurzeig, Seymour Papert, and Cynthia Solomon
    • Known for turtle graphics (commands for movement and drawing produced line or vector graphics, either on screen or with a small robot termed a turtle); used to teach concepts of programming related to Lisp and later body-syntonic reasoning (where students could understand, predict, and reason about the turtle's motion by imagining what they would do if they were the turtle)

  • B

    • Name could be a contraction of BCPL (language B is derived from)
    • Developed by Ken Thompson with Dennis Ritchie
    • Designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine-independent applications, such as system and language software

  • PASCAL

    • Designed by Niklaus Wirth
    • Designed as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring

  • C

    • Developed by Dennis Ritchie
    • Designed to be compiled to provide low-level access to memory and language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions and encourage cross-platform programming

  • ML

    • Stands for Meta Language
    • Designed by Robin Milner
    • Used in programming language research, language design and manipulation, bioinformatics, and financial systems

  • SQL

    • Stands for Structured Query Language
    • Designed by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce
    • Used for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS) or for stream processing in a RDSMS; useful in handling structured data, i.e. data incorporating relations among entities and variables

  • ADA

    • Named after Ada Lovelace (the first programmer)
    • Developed by Jean Ichbiah
    • Designed for developing large software systems and has safety critical support features

  • C++

    • Extension of C
    • Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup
    • Designed for system programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights

  • Python

    • Designed by Guido van Rossum
    • Emphasizes code readability its notable use of significant whitespace; aims to help programmers write clear, logical code for small and large-scale projects; strives for a simpler, less-cluttered syntax and grammar

  • Visual Basic

    • Developed by Microsoft
    • Used for writing Microsoft Windows and Web applications and has an easy learning curve; is a combination of visually arranging components or controls on a form, specifying attributes and actions for those components, and writing additional lines of code for more functionality

  • Delphi

    • Name is reference to the Oracle at Delphi (Oracle database was popular at the time)
    • Developed by Borland
    • Designed for rapid application development of desktop, mobile, web, and console software

  • Java

    • Developed by James Gosling
    • Designed to let application developers write once, run anywhere, meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation

  • Javascript

    • Developed by by Brendan Eich
    • Used to enable interactive web pages and is an essential part of web applications

  • PHP

    • Stood for Personal Home Page but now stands for Hypertext Preprocessor
    • Designed by Rasmus Lerdorf
    • Used for web development/to build simple, dynamic web applications