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Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad Company v. City of Chicago
the Supreme Court incorporated the Fifth Amendment's "just compensation" requirement into the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, meaning states must provide just compensation when taking private property for public use. the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause required states to provide just compensation when taking private property for public use, effectively incorporating the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause into state law. -
Gitlow v. New York
the Supreme Court incorporated the First Amendment's protections of freedom of speech and the press to apply to state governments through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, establishing the principle of selective incorporation. the Supreme Court upheld Benjamin Gitlow's conviction under New York's Criminal Anarchy Law, affirming that states could punish speech advocating the overthrow of government, even if that speech didn't incite immediate violence. -
Near v. Minnesota
the Supreme Court incorporated the First Amendment's protection of freedom of the press to state governments through the Fourteenth Amendment, establishing that states cannot engage in prior restraint (government censorship) of publications. the Supreme Court ruled that prior restraint on publication, or government censorship in advance, violates the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of the press, setting a vital precedent for press freedom and free speech. -
DeJonge v. Oregon
the Supreme Court incorporated the First Amendment right to freedom of assembly (and by extension, free speech) to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, meaning state governments could no longer violate these rights. They ruled that he Oregon criminal syndicalism law, as applied in De Jonge's case, violated the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause. -
Cantwell v. Connecticut
This case is also important because in it holding, the Court incorporated (or applied) the First Amendment's free exercise to the states. In Cantwell v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court unanimously overturned Cantwell's convictions, ruling that Connecticut's statute requiring licenses for religious solicitation violated the First and Fourteenth Amendments -
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing
In the 1947 case of Everson v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, which prohibits government establishment of religion, was incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment, thus applying to state and local governments, not just the federal government. the Supreme Court ruled that New Jersey's law reimbursing parents for bus transportation to parochial schools. -
In re Oliver
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to a public trial against the states, meaning that states are now required to provide public trials, as mandated by the Sixth Amendment. the Supreme Court ruled that the secrecy of a "one-man grand jury" proceeding and the lack of due process in a contempt citation violated the Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of fair trial rights -
Mapp v. Ohio
In Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court incorporated the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures to the states. What happened was the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in a 5-3 vote in favor of Mapp. -
Robinson v. California
the Supreme Court incorporated the cruel and unusual punishment clause of the Eighth Amendment to the states, holding that it is unconstitutional to criminalize and punish individuals for having a disease, like drug addiction, rather than for committing a criminal act. the Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional to punish someone for having a disease such as drug addiction, as it violates the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. -
Edwards v. South Carolina
the Supreme Court incorporated the First Amendment rights of free speech, assembly, and petition for redress of grievances to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. the Supreme Court ruled 8-1 in favor of the protestors, overturning their convictions and establishing that South Carolina had violated their First Amendment rights to free speech, assembly, and petition for redress of grievances. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel into the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. the Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment's guarantee of legal counsel applies to state criminal trials, meaning states must provide attorneys to indigent defendants charged with serious offenses. -
Ker v. California
The Ker v. California was a case before the United States Supreme Court, which incorporated the Fourth Amendment's protections against illegal search and seizure. the Supreme Court ruled that the standards of reasonableness for searches and seizures are the same under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments -
Malloy v. Hogan
the Supreme Court incorporated the Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination into the Fourteenth Amendment, meaning states cannot compel individuals to incriminate themselves in state criminal proceedings. the Supreme Court ruled that the Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination, which previously only applied to federal proceedings -
Pointer v. Texas
Pointer v. Texas incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to confrontation against the states. They ruled that the Sixth Amendment's right to confront witnesses, including the right to cross-examine, is a fundamental right essential to a fair trial and is made obligatory on the states by the Fourteenth Amendment. -
Washington v. Texas
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to compulsory process (the right to compel witnesses to testify) against the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals and held that the Texas statute violated the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. -
Klopfer v. North Carolina
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to a speedy trial to the states, meaning that states are now bound by this constitutional guarantee through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. They ruled that incorporated the right to a speedy trial of the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to states. -
Duncan v. Louisiana
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's right to a jury trial into the Fourteenth Amendment, meaning states are now obligated to provide jury trials in criminal cases that would require them under the Sixth Amendment if tried in federal court. the Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment's right to a jury trial in criminal cases is fundamental to the American scheme of justice. -
Benton v. Maryland
the Supreme Court incorporated the Fifth Amendment's double jeopardy clause, meaning the protection against being tried twice for the same crime, to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, effectively overruling Palko v. Connecticut. the Supreme Court ruled that the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment -
Schilb v. Kuebel
the Supreme Court addressed whether the Illinois bail system's cost retention provision, where a portion of bail was retained as costs, violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Illinois bail system did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. -
Rabe v. Washington
the Supreme Court ruled that a state cannot criminally punish the exhibition of a movie at a drive-in theater if the statute used to support the conviction didn't give fair notice that the location of the exhibition was a vital element of the offense. the Supreme Court ruled that a state statute used to convict a drive-in movie operator for obscenity was unconstitutionally vague -
Argersinger v. Hamlin
the Supreme Court incorporated the Sixth Amendment right to counsel, extending it to any criminal defendant facing the possibility of imprisonment, regardless of the severity of the offense. They ruled that no person may be imprisoned for any offense, whether classified as petty, misdemeanor, or felony, unless they were represented by counsel at their trial, absent a knowing and intelligent waiver of that right. -
McDonald v. Chicago
n the McDonald v. City of Chicago case, the Supreme Court addressed whether the Second Amendment's right to bear arms, as established in District of Columbia v. Heller, should be incorporated to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. The court ruled that the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees “the right of the people to keep and bear Arms,” applies to state and local governments as well as to the federal government. -
Timbs v. Indiana
the Supreme Court incorporated the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against excessive fines, meaning that states are now bound by the same limitations as the federal government in imposing fines and forfeitures. the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against excessive fines applies to states, a decision that limits state powers related to sentencing and punishments.