-
Smith Act
Formally known as the Alien Registration Act, it was a law passed that made it illegal for anyone in the United States to advocate, abet, or teach the desirability of overthrowing the government.The first to be prosecuted under the act were both the Social Workers Party and Communist parties. It was proposed by Congressman Howard Smith of Virginia. -
G.I. Bill
Signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, this act provided veterans of World War II funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing. -
Second Red Scare
The fear of communism throughout American politics, culture, and society during the beginning of the Cold War. It occurred after WWII and was known as McCarthyism after it's most famous supporter, Senator Joseph McCarthy. Many people in the U.S feared that Soviet Union allies were planning to force communism throughout the world and overthrow capitalist and democratic places. -
Hiroshima
During World War II, an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over Hiroshima, Japan. The explosion wiped out 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people; tens of thousands would later die from radiation exposure. It was America's response to Japan bombing Pearl Harbor. -
Fat Man
The codename for the atomic bomb that was detonated over the Japanese city of Nagasaki by the U.S. It was the second of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in warfare and killed an estimated amount of 40,000 people. Even htough it missed it's target by more than a mile, it stilled manage to blow up half the city. -
Period: to
Civil Rights
-
Period: to
Cold War
-
Truman Doctrine
An American foreign policy presented to Congress by President Truman to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the Cold War. It established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from authoritarian forces. Further developed in 1948 when Truman pledged to contain threats to Greece and Turkey. -
Marshall Plan
An American initiative (act signed by President Truman) to aid Western Europe. Over four years, the U.S. gave over $13 billion dollars ($140 billion today) in assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after WWII. The plan was an extension of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, and was done to stop communism. -
The Fair Deal
A set of proposals by President Harry S. Truman in his State of the Union address. It recommended that all Americans have health insurance, minimum wage be increased, and that, by law, all Americans be guaranteed equal rights .Building on Roosevelt's New Deal, Truman believed that the federal government should guarantee economic opportunity and social stability, -
Domino Theory
The theory that a political event in one country will cause similar events in neighboring countries, like a falling domino causing an entire row of upended dominoes to fall. During the time after WWII and going into the Cold War, it was a theory that said if one region came under the influence of communism, then he surrounding countries would follow. -
Beat Generation
A literary movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture after WWII. It was centred in the bohemian artist communities of San Francisco's North Beach, Los Angeles' Venice West, and New York City's Greenwich Village. The core group consisted of Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Neal Cassady and William S. Burroughs. Other famous contributors were Gregory Corso, Herbert Huncke Gary Snyder, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Michael McClure, Philip Whalen, Lew Welch. -
Television 1950's
Just ten years after WWII, television went from being only owned by the wealthy to over two-thirds of Americans having a TV set. By the end of the decade, there 55 million TV owners, watching from 53 stations. During this time, trivia shows, western and kids shows, along with sketch comedies and dramas were very popular. Even sports programming. The three major broadcasters were ABC, NBC, and CBS. Some popular shows were "Disneyland Series", "I Love Lucy", and "American Bandstand" -
Period: to
The 1950's
-
Ike Turner
Ike Winster Turner was a guitarist, bandleader, singer, songwriter, and producer. Turner was at the birth of rock'n'roll with his 1951 hit "Rocket 88". That record is acknowledged as the first rock'n'roll record and sold half a million copies.The track influenced artists like Little Richard and Jerry Lee Lewis. His musical talent was quickly overshadowed by his abusive and violent behavior towards his wife and partner, Tina Turner. -
Bill Haley & the Comets
An American rock 'n' roll band, led by Bill Haley. Their number one hit, "Rock Around the Clock", is believed to have revolutionized rock 'n' roll, and became the genre's anthem. The band consisted of several different members throughout their time, inlcuding Al Thompson, Al Rex, Johnny Grande, and BIlly Williamson. -
Brown VS. Board of Education
The court case that established segregated public schools unconstitutional. SCOTUS Earl Warren delivered the ruling based off the violation of the 14th Amendment.
In 1951, a class action suit was filed against the Board of Education of the City of Topeka, Kansas by thirteen Topeka parents on behalf of their 20 children. -
The Tragedy of Emmett Till
On a trip to Money, Mississippi, this 14 year-old African American boy was abducted, severely beaten, shot to death, and thrown into a river, all for being accused of whistling at a white woman. Till's mother held an open casket funeral to show people the reality of Jim Crow in the South. The two murderers, Bryant and Milam were never convicted. -
Little Richard
Richard Wayne Penniman is an American musician, songwriter, singer, and actor. He is most famous for dynamic music and character during the rock 'n' roll era. His first song "Tutti-Frutti" was an instant Billboard hit and over the years that followe, he produced more records like "Long Tall Sally". With his suggestive lyric style, he was seen as a bad influence by parents but loved by teens. He established rock as a real music genre and inspired artists like The BEatles. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
The act, introduced by President D. Eisenhower initiated a greater federal role in protecting the rights of African Americans and other minorities. It increased protection of voting rights and laid the foundation for federal enforcement of civil rights law by creating the Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice, a Civil Rights Commission within the executive branch, and expanding federal enforcement authority to include civil lawsuits. -
Ho Chi Minh Trail
An elaborate system of mountain and jungle paths and trails used by North Vietnam to get troops and supplies into South Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos during the Vietnam War. By 1974, the trail was a series of jungle roads and underground support facilities such as hospitals, fuel-storage tanks, and weapons and supply caches. -
LSD
Also known as acid, LSD is a very well known hallucinogen.In the 60's psychologists encouraged Americans to use the drug and "turn on, tune in, and drop out." This created widespread drug abuse and spread the drug from America to the U.K. and the rest of Europe. -
John F. Kennedy
JFK came into office as the 35th President of the United States in 1960. He was born into America's wealthiest families, had an elite education, and was a military hero later turned Congressman in 1946. During his presidency he confronted Cold War tensions in Cuba, Vietnam, etc and also negotiated the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty and the Alliance for Progress. He is considered to be one of the mot love presidents in U.S history. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 when he was president. -
Polio Vaccine
Polio was a disease that widely received attention because of FDR, and was eradicated from the U.S almost entirely by 1994. During the early 60's though, millions of children were given a polio vaccine contaminated by a virus called Simian Virus 40. This virus has been linked to rare, incurable cancers such as brain tumors and mesothelioma. -
Earl Warren Supreme Court
The most liberal SCOTUS in history and is responsible for many famous cases regarding rights. FOr example:
-Brown vs. Board
-Miranda vs. Arizona
-Bolling vs. Sharpe
-Loving vs. Virginia Many of the cases dealt with racial segragation as well. -
Chicano Mural Movement
This movement was an artistic renaissance where artists began using the walls of city buildings, housing projects, schools, and churches to depict Mexican-American culture. Chicano refers to people of Mexican descent, generally throughout the Southwest. -
Feminism in the 60's
The 60's experienced the second wave of feminism in the 20th century and it was intended to increase equality for women by gaining more than just voting rights, especially in the workplace. The 38 percent of American women who worked in 1960 were largely limited to jobs as teacher, nurse, or secretary. IN 1962 The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan captured the frustration of women who were housewives and felt trapped. -
The New Frontier
A term used by John F. Kennedy in his acceptance speech as a slogan to inspire Americans to support him. "We stand today on the edge of a New Frontier — the frontier of the 1960s, the frontier of unknown opportunities and perils, the frontier of unfilled hopes and unfilled threats. .." The newest frontier was space. In 1957, the Soviet Union shocked Americans by launching SPUTNIK, the first satellite to be placed in orbit. -
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
A civil rights group formed to give younger blacks more of a voice in the movement. After the Greensboro sit-ins, Ella Baker who was the leader of the SCLC, helped set the group up. The group's philosophy and way of acting was based on MLK's principle of non-violence. -
Period: to
1960's
-
Peace Corps
Signed by John F. Kennedy, the Peace Corps would "promote world peace and friendship." By the end of 1963, 7,000 volunteers were in the field, serving in 44 Third World countries. Since 1961, more than 180,000 Americans have joined the Peace Corps, serving in 134 nations. -
Anti-War Movement
A social movement that protested America's involvement in the Vietnam War. It was mostly done by college students and organizations like SDS, SANE, and WRL. Though the first American protests took place in 1963, the antiwar movement did not begin in earnest until nearly two years later, when President Lyndon B. Johnson sustained bombing of North Vietnam. -
The Assassination of JFK
On November 22nd. President John. F. Kennedy was shot twice riding in a presidential motorcade in downtown Dallas, TX. He was next to his wife Jacqueline Kennedy when he was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald. He was pronounced dead at Parkland Hospital .JFK was in Texas campaigning for the 1964 presidential campaign. -
Warren Commission
Lyndon B. Johnson established the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy through the Executive Order 11130. The 888 page report detailed how Lee Harvey Oswald could have did it, but not why. Earl Warren suppressed key evidence form the Commission about the investigation and the FBI and CIA intentionally misled the Commission. -
Jack Ruby
a 52-year-old Dallas nightclub operator charged with the murder of Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald was accused assassin of President John Kennedy and while being transported from the city jail to the county jail, Ruby stepped out of a crowd and shot him. The event was witnessed by millions of Americans on live television. Ruby was convicted of murder in 1964 but it was overturned. He died of cancer before a new trial. . -
Birmingham Bombing
On September 15th, 1963 a bomb exploded before Sunday morning services at the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama. This church was predominantly black and therefore targeted by the KKK (responsible). The bodies of four young girls (14-year-old Addie Mae Collins, Cynthia Wesley and Carole Robertson and 11-year-old Denise McNair) were found beneath the rubble in a basement restroom. Many other people were injured. -
Daisy Girl Ad
A controversial political ad televised during Lyndon B. Johnson's campaign for the presidential election. A 3-year-old girl in a simple dress counted as she plucked daisy petals in a sun-dappled field. Her words were supplanted by a mission-control countdown followed by a massive nuclear blast in a classic mushroom shape. The message was supposed to show that Berry Goldwater, Johnson's competetor, was a genocidal maniac, set out o destroy the world. Johnson won the presidency 2 months later. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. This is the most prominent legislative act in the Civil Rights movement and it was first proposed by JFK, but was carried out under Lyndon B. Johnson. -
Hippies
A countercultural movement that rejected the mores of mainstream American life, originating from college campuses. The movement partly arose from opposition to the U.S, involvement in the Vietnam war. They favored long hair and casual, often unconventional, dress, sometimes in “psychedelic” colors. Hippies commonly took up communal or cooperative living arrangements, and they often adopted vegetarian diets based on unprocessed foods and practiced holistic medicine. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, this act aimed to grant African Americans their voting rights protected under the 15th amendment. During the time, at both state and local levels there were many legal barriers that prevented black people from exercising their voting rights. -
Black Power Movement :)
A political movement meant to achieve a form of Black Power in the United States.By the mid-1960s, dissatisfaction with the pace of change was growing among blacks. The movemnet had been around for a long time but was popularized by the SNCC. A major part of the movement was the Black Panther Party for Self Defense, formed to protect black individuals from police brutality and white supremacist (if there was even a distinction between the two at this time). -
The Black Panther Party
Founded by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, the party was created out of self defense. It's original purpose was to patrol black neighborhoods and to protect residents from acts of police brutality. The Panthers eventually developed into a Marxist revolutionary group that called for the arming of all African Americans, the exemption of African Americans from the draft and from all sanctions of so-called white America, and many other social reforms. -
My Lai Massacre
The mass murder of Vietnamese civilians by American troops in South Vietnam.Between 347-504 unarmed people were killed, most being women, elderly men, and children. The massacre was stopped by an American helicopter pilot named Hugh Thompson. It took nearly a year before this mass murder was made known to the American public and was later exposed for being a huge cover-up. -
Richard M. Nixon
Richard Nixon was the 37th president of the United States (1969-1974). Having previously been a U.S Senator and Representative, during his presidency he successfully ended American fighting in Vietnam and improved international relations with the U.S.S.R. and China. He was also the first president to ever resign from office, which was a result of the Watergate Scandal. -
Environmental Protection Agency
The most prominent agency for protecting the environment from air and water pollution and for protecting citizens from the health hazards of pollution. Proposed by President Richard Nixon, it began operation on December 2, 1970, after Nixon signed an executive order. Under President Obama, the EPA began to impose regulations of carbon emissions from cars and power plants; including other industries who contributed to climate change. -
Period: to
1970's
-
Title IX
Signed into law by President Nixon, this act was introduced as an amendment to the Higher Education Act of 1965, the Vocational Education Act of 1963,and the General Education Provisions Act. It stated that no one shall be "...excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." -
The New Right
The new right movement was a movement on things like evangelical Christian groups, social issues denouncing abortion, pornography, homosexuality, feminism, and affirmative action. The “newness” of the New Right refers both to the reinvigorated and redefined forms of conservative political activity and to the youthfulness and mobilization of a previously disorganized suburban middle class. It deeply helped Regan get elected -
Watergate Scandal
A scandal involving an illegal break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices by five people in 1972 by members of President Nixon's reelection campaign staff. Nixon had hired five people to break into the Watergate hotel where the Democrats headquaters where to dig up some dirt. Before Congress could vote to impeach Nixon for his participation in covering up the break-in, Nixon resigned from the presidency. -
Endangered Species Act
This act provides for the conservation of species that are endangered or threatened and the conservation of the ecosystems where they live. Since passed, this act has been recognized as the strongest conservation law, although the species recovery rate is low. -
Roe Vs. Wade
A landmark court case regarding abortion. Jane Roe, a Texas woman sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion, but Texas law states that abortion is illegal unless it was needed to save the woman's' life. This court case criminalized or restricted access to abortions. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that individual state laws banning abortion are unconstitutional. -
The Heritage Foundation
Founded in 1973 by Paul Weyrich, Edwin Feulner, and Joseph Coors, the foundation is "A research and educational institution whose mission is to build and promote conservative public policies..." The Heritage Foundation has had a significant impact on U.S. public policy making and it came underway during the presidency of Ronald Reagan. -
Federal Election Commission
It's mission is to enforce campaign finance law in the U.S. Created in 1974 through amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act, the commission describes its duties as "to disclose campaign finance information, to enforce the provisions of the law such as the limits and prohibitions on contributions, and to oversee the public funding of Presidential elections." -
VHS Tapes
Developed by Victor Company of Japan in the early '70's, VHS tapes were standard consumer-level video recordings on tape cassettes. In the U.S VHS tapes dominated 60% of the market by 1980. MAny movies and popular started coming out on VHS making it the old school version of DVD's. -
Three Mile Island
Near Middletown, Pennslyvania, this nuclear powerplant partially melted down on March 28th, '79. It happened when a cooling malfunction caused part of the core to melt in the #2 reactor. The TMI-2 reactor was destroyed. Some radioactive gas was released a couple of days after the accident, but not enough to cause any dose above background levels to local residents.The incident was rated a five on the seven-point International Nuclear Event Scale. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
IN early November of 1979, a group of Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking more than 60 American hostages. This was retaliation against the U.S because President Jimmy Carter allowed Iran’s deposed Shah, a pro-Western autocrat who had been expelled from his country some months before, to come to the United States for cancer treatment. The hostages were set free the January 21st, 1981, 444 days after the crisis began. -
Election of 1980
Republican Ronald Reagan beat Democrat Jimmy Carter with 489 electoral college votes. Reagan was actually the first candidate to uses the "Make America Great Again" slogan. At the time, only a handful of states were democratic so it was easy for republicans to dominate. -
Rap Music is Here ;)
Rap as a genre began at block parties in New York City in the early 1970s, when DJs began isolating the percussion breaks of funk, soul, and disco songs and extending them. Over time, it became common for the MCs (or rappers) to talk and rhyme over and in sync with the music. Rap proved its commercial viability in 1980 with Kurtis Blow's "The Breaks," a Top 5 hit that eventually went gold. Rap is now one of the most popular genres ever. -
Period: to
1980's
-
MTV
An American television channel that originally aired music videos. On August 1, 1981, MTV launched with the words "Ladies and gentlemen, rock and roll," and played over footage of the first Space Shuttle launch countdown of Columbia and of the launch of Apollo 11. The first music video shown on MTV was The Buggles' "Video Killed the Radio Star", originally only available to homes in New Jersey. Since then, the channel has come to offer a variety of tv shows, movies, and music. -
Sandra Day O'Connor
In 1981, President Ronald Reagan nominated her to the U.S. Supreme Court. Receiving a unanimous Senate approval, and made history as the first woman justice to serve on the nation's highest court. -
Robert Johnson
Johnson is an African American entrepreneur, media magnate, executive, philanthropist, and co-founder of BET. He is also America's first black billionaire since he owns many companies. -
The Strategic Defense Initiative
Proposed by President Ronald Reagan, the SDI was a strategic defense system against potential nuclear attacks. It was intended to defend the United States from attack from Soviet intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) by intercepting the missiles at various phases of their flight. Because parts of the defensive system that Reagan advocated would be based in space, the proposed system was dubbed “Star Wars." -
BET
Founded by Robert Johnson, Black Entertainment Television is the most prominent television network targeting African American audiences. The network has also aired a variety of stand-up comedy, news, and current affairs programs, and formerly aired mainstream rap, hip-hop and R&B music videos. -
Reagan Doctrine
This doctrine was a strategy orchestrated by the Reagan administration to cut out global influence of the Soviet Union to attempt to ened the Cold War. -
The Challenger Disaster
ON January 28th of 1986, the Challenger shuttle broke apart and exploded 73 seconds into its flight over the Atlantic ocean, killing all 7 crew members on board. It was later determined that two rubber O-rings, which had been designed to separate the sections of the rocket booster, had failed due to cold temperatures on the morning of the launch. The tragedy prompted NASA to temporarily suspend all shuttle missions. -
Oprah Winfrey
An African American media proprietor, talk show host, and producer. She is best known for her talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which was the highest-rated television program (1986-2011) of its kind in history. She has been ranked the richest African-American and is currently North America's first and only multi-billionaire black person. -
Iran Contra Affair
A secret U.S> government arms deal that freed some American hostages held in Lebanon and also funded armed conflict in Central America. Well into Reagan's second presidential term, Al-Shiraa reported the arms deal, but Regan denied that he ever negotiated with terrorists and was never charged. There were two National Security officials involved and they were both charged with the ccirme. -
Persian Gulf War
Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of neighboring Kuwait in early August 1990. This international crisis was the first time since the end of the Cold War. It arose when Iraq invaded and annexed Kuwait, threatening Saudi Arabia (a longtime American ally that supplied huge amounts of oil to the USA). -
Period: to
1990's
-
Rodney King
King was an African-American who became known as the victim of LAPD brutality. When the footage released of police officers beating him during his arrest got out, the four officers were tried on charges of use of excessive force, but three were acquitted and the jury never reached a verdict on the last officer. Within hours, African Americans rioted over the injustice, and took LA streets in mobs. The riots lasted 6 days with 63 people being killed and over 2,000 getting injured. -
Election of 1992
This election was between Republican President George H. W. Bush; Democrat Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton. William (Bill) J. Clinton won with 370 electoral votes, the other 168 went to Bush.Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes, the economy was in a recession. -
The Balkans Crisis
This crisis, which first came to international attention in 1993 and flared again in 1999, occurred when the communist government of Yugoslavia collapsed and its six provinces fought each other, often utilizing "ethnic cleansing", until NATO and the UN intervened. -
1993 World Trade Center Attack
This terrorist attack occured when a truck bomb detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336-pound bomb was intended to send the North Tower crashing into the South Tower, bringing both towers down and killing tens of thousands of people. It failed to do so but killed six people and injured over a thousand. The four defendants, Mohammed Salameh, Nidal Ayyad, Mahmud Abouhalima, Ahmad Ajaj, are convicted and sentenced to prison terms of 240 years each. -
NAFTA
The North American Free Trade Agreement, is an agreement signed by the United States , Mexico, and Canada that created a trilateral trade bloc in North America. NAFTA has two supplements: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC) and the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC). It has benefited North American economies and withdrawing it will do much harm, especially to Mexico. -
Monica Lewinsky Affair
This political sex scandal began in the late 1990s and involved President Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky, a White House intern from 1995-1997. Lewinsky confided in a co-worker Linda Tripp about her affair with the president, leading to Tripp secretly tape some of her conversations with Lewinsky. In 1998, when news of his extramarital affair became public, Clinton denied the relationship before later admitting to it. The House of Representatives impeached the Clinton fo perjury. -
Defense of Marriage Act
This act defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. -
Election of 2000
This election was between Republican candidate George W. Bush ( son of former president George H. W. Bush) and Democratic candidate Al Gore, then-Vice President. Bush narrowly won the November 7 election, with 271 electoral votes to Gore's 266. -
Bush vs. Gore
Bush v. Gore, U.S., was a decision of the United States Supreme Court that settled a recount dispute in Florida's 2000 presidential election. The ruling was issued on December 12, 2000. On December 9, the Court had preliminary halted the Florida recount that was occurring. Eight days earlier, the Court unanimously decided the closely related case of Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board. The Electoral College was scheduled to meet on December 18, 2000, to decide the election. -
Period: to
Contemporary
-
9/11 Tragedy
On this day in 2001, 19 al-Qaeda militants hijacked 4 planes and carried out suicide attacks against places in the United States. Two of the planes were flown into the towers of the World Trade Center in New York, a third plane hit the Pentagon outside D.C., and the fourth plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. The attacks resulted in extensive death and destruction, triggering major U.S. initiatives to combat and defining the presidency of George W. Bush. 3,000 Americans were killed. -
No Child Left Behind Act
"An act to close the achievement gap with accountability, flexibility, and choice, so that no child is left behind." This law created several federal education programs that are administered by the states. Under the 2002 law, states are required to test students in reading and math in grades 3–8 and once in high school. -
Patriot Act
Signed into law by President George W. Bush after the events of 9/11, this act was meant to boost security control. It's ten-letter abbreviation spelled out is “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism." -
The Great Recession
A sharp decline in the economy of the US during the late 2000's (2007-2009). Considered the largest recession since the Great Depression, it began when the US housing market collapsed in household consumption, along with the closely related decline in the demand for new housing construction, mortgage-backed securities and derivatives lost a lot of value. -
Election of 2008
Democrat Barack Obama defeated Republican John McCain.Obama received 365 electoral votes, and McCain 173. Obama became the first African-American president of the United States. Using slogans like "Yes We Can" and "Change we can believe in.", Obama defied America's history. -
American Recovery Investment Act
Signed into law by President Barack Obama, this act to help the United States economy recover from an economic downturn that began in late 2007. It;s purpose was preserve and create jobs and promote economic recovery. -
Sonya Sotomayor
Sotomayor is the first Hispanic Supreme Court Justice in U.S. history. In May 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Sotomayor to the Supreme Court following the retirement of Justice David Souter. -
Affordable Care Act
Generally referred to as Obamacare, this act is the landmark health reform legislation signed into law by President Barack Obama.The legislation includes a long list of health-related provisions intended to extend coverage to millions of uninsured Americans, to implement measures that will lower health care costs and improve system efficiency, and to eliminate industry practices that include rescission and denial of coverage due to pre-existing conditions.
