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Queen Elizebeth Death
1603 is the year that Queen Elizabeth died. Since she had no children she had no heir to the throne. The next person to rule was a relative James Stuart, also known as James I. The result was a “century of revolution” that pitted the Stuart monarchs against Parliament. -
Charles I inherited the Throne
Parliament Responds In 1625, Charles I inherited the throne. Like
his father, Charles behaved and acted like an absolute monarch. He imprisoned his enemies without a trial and squeezed the nation for money. -
Taxes Raise
In 1628 King Charles thought that he needed to raise taxes because of this he was forced to call Parliament. Parliament thought that it would be best if Charles signed the Petition of Right. This petition would not allow him to raise taxes anymore, and since Charles was desperate he signed the petition. -
Charles I Signs the Petition
For 11 years, King Charles I had ignored the petition and had refused the parliament. Because, he didn't cooperate with this new way, he made enemies who disagreed. The reason he kept refusing to sign the petition was because he wanted to continue to gain money from the people by highering taxes. -
Charles Laud Imposed Anglican prayer book on Scotland
In 1637, Charles and Laud tried to impose the
Anglican prayer book on Scotland. The Calvinist
Scots revolted. To get funds to suppress the Scottish
rebellion, harles once again had to summon
Parliament. -
Charles I Summons Parliment
King Charles needed to get funds to stop the Scottish rebellion, In order to do this, Charles had to summon Parliament agian in 1640. However, Parliament decided to launch its own revolt. -
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Long Parliment Beings
In 1640 Parliament became known as the Long Parliament
because it lasted on until 1653. Its actions triggered the greatest political revolution in English history. In a huge struggle with Charles I, Parliament tried and executed his
chief ministers, including Archbishop Laud. It called for the abolition of bishops and declared that the Parliament could not be dissolved without its own consent. -
King Charles Fights Back
In 1642, King Charles led troops into the House of Commons to arrest people. However, they were able to escape through a back door and soon made an army of their own. This clash wasnow moved to battle. -
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Civil War
This time period is when England had their civil war. Unlike the Fronde in France, The revolution in England won. People thought it was very unlikely that the Revolution would win because many people supported Charles I -
Kings's in the Hands of Parliment
Cromwell’s army defeated the Cavaliers in a series of battles. By 1647, the king was in the hands of parliamentary forces. Eventually, Parliament set up a court to put the king on trial. -
King Charles I Eexecuted
1649 in January is when King Charles I was executed and had ended his reign. He was put on trial by the Parliament and was decapitated. -
A New Law is Passed
In 1652, Parliament passed a law that pushed many Catholics to barren land in the west of Ireland. If any Catholic did not do as they were told they would be killed on sight. -
Cromwell Takes the title Lord Protector
Squabbles also splintered forces within the Commonwealth. one group, the Levellers, thought that poor men should have a say in government like the gentry, lawyers, and other leading citizens. Furthermore, female Levellers asserted their right to petition Parliament. Cromwell suppressed the Levellers, as well as more radical groups who threatened ownership of private property. In 1653, as the challenges to
order grew, Cromwell took the title Lord Protector. -
Cromwell Died
In 1660, a new Parliament invited Charles II to return to England. After this, England had monarchy and the decade of no king, was no more. -
Parliment invited Chareles II to Enlgand
A newly elected parliament sent an invitation to Charles II to come back to England after exile. After a "kingless period", It finally ended the return of the monarchy. Puritan ideas also become a more important role. -
Cromwell Dies
Oliver Cromwell died in 1658. Soon after, the Puritans lost their grip and control on England. Many people were tired of military rule and strict Puritan ways. In 1660, a newly elected Parliament invited Charles II to return to England from exile. Puritan ideas about morality, equality, and government
education endured. This ideas helped shape the government. -
Mary and William Become Rulers of England
In 1688, the leaders of Parliament invited James’s Protestant daughter, Mary, and her husband, William III, to rule England. William and Mary decided to land with their army in the late 1688's, James II was scared so he ran to France. This overthrow of king James II became known as the Glorious Revolution. -
Enlgish Bill of Rights is Passes
Before, Mary and William are able to accept their throne, they had to pass acts that are known as the English Bill of Rights by the Parliament. These acts made sure that they recognized that the Parliament has power over all monarchy. These Bill of Rights also brought back some traditional rights of English citizens. It lastly states that any further kings or queens could not take part in Parliament debates.
