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Christopher Columbus becomes the first sailor to cross the Atlantic Ocean.(navigation)
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Sailor Ferdinand Magellan becomes the first person ever to circle the world by ship (navigation)
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The first Submarine is built and used. (military, and navigation)
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The H.M.S. Lightning discovers sea life as deep as 4,389 meters which was thought to be impossible at the time. (scientific research)
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Louis Agazzisz traveled from the east coast to the west coast around South America picking up over 30,000 Marine specimens along the way (scientific research)
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The US Fisheries Commission donates the "Albatross" to become the world's first oceanographic research vessel. (scientific research)
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Sonar Navigation is invented and would later be used to detect icebergs, rocks, and other hazards. (Navigation)
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Robert Ballard discovers the wreckage of the Titanic on the Atlantic ocean floor (scientific research)
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The first Marine life census and database is created (scientific research)
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Victor Vescovo traveled to the deepest place in the ocean, 6.8 miles deep into the Mariana Trench. (scientific research)