Nghia Tran: 10RE - The Church in History

Birth of Jesus Christ

4 BCE

Jesus was born from Mary in a stable in Bethlehem, 4BC

The Crucifixion of Jesus

30

Slayed under the order of Pontius Pilate, Jesus was crucified on a cross to save humanity from their sins. The crucifixion is described with the stations of the cross and his journey of suffering. He was arrested, bondaged with a thorn crown on his head to save us. He was placed in a tomb after dying.

The First Pentecost

31

This was were Jesus visited Mary and the Apostles through the Holy Spirit, giving them the gift of tongues to be able to go around the world spreading the good news of God and teaching about him. It occurs a week after the Ascension of Jesus and was depicted with flames over the disciples and Mary's heads and a gush of wind filling them with knowledge. Immediately after Pentecost they all went to teach the good news of God.
Easter + 49 Days

Council of Apostles (Jerusalem)

51

Held in Jerusalem in 51AD, the Council of Apostles was a gathering of the Christian Apostles and elders. The purpose of the Council was to resolve a disagreement in Antioch involving the necessity of the circumcision of men. Other important issues which were addressed at the Council of Apostles was the requirement to follow the Torah and the rules of Judaism by the Apostle James and Apostle Paul's idea that one shouldn't. The Apostolic Decree was established at this Council.

First Persecution of Christians

64

Christians are prosecuted by Roman Emperor Nero, which lead to the martyrdom of of St Peter and St Paul.

Council of Caesarea

195

The Council of Caesarea was held to settle on a time when all Christians would celebrate Easter.

Conversion of the Emperor Constantine

312

Emperor Constantine was the first emperor to convert to Christianity and stop the persecution of Christians. He officially made Christianity the main religion of the Roman Empire.

Edict of Milan

313

Emperor Constantine declares that Christians are allowed to practice their religion freely and not be prosecuted.

The First Council of Nicea

325

The Council of Nicea was held in 325 by Emperor Constantine and was where the Nicene Creed was formulated to help guide all Christians towards similar beliefs about their religion and where different denominations of Christianity were formed due to dispute.

The Second Council of Nicaea

Jan 1, 787

The Second Council of Nicaea was held in 787 and was split up into 8 Sessions, each about a different area of discussion. It was called address with the iconoclast issue that started to arise at the time. Some sessions were held at different locations and each sessions had representatives from each church. The main focus of this Council was the addressing of iconoclast issues that the church was at the receiving end of.

The Great Schism

Jan 1, 1054

The Great Schism is the separating between what we now call the Eastern Orthodox Churches and Catholic Churches. This break occurred during the 11th Century and still is occurring today. Disputes occurred prior to this split due to different churches' view of their faith and interpretation of the scriptures. The Eastern Churches are now lead by the Patriarch of Constantinople, and the Catholics are lead by the Pope in Rome

First Crusade

Jul 1, 1095

Proclaimed by Pope Urban II, the first Crusade was one in many that attempted to recapture the Holy Land. It was described as a pilgrimage for Christians to show their faith to God and help get back something that was rightfully theirs. Knights, Peasants and Serfs were involved in the Crusade(s) and massacred many Muslim and Jewish inhabitants of Jerusalem. Following the First Crusade were another Eight, bringing to a total of Nine Crusades.

St Francis & Order of Friars [Poor Clares]

Jan 1, 1209

The Order of Friars was an Order founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Any who followed are called Franciscan and strive to cultivate the ideals of their founder Francis. The order consisted of priests and brothers that dedicated their lives to live in prayer, preaching, and penance.

The Western Schism

Jan 1, 1378

The Western Schism was a split in the Roman Catholic Church. After having three men claiming they were the true Pope. This Schism was driven more by politics than faith and was ended with the Council of Constance and an election to find out which out of the three was the true Pope. People mistake the Western Schism for the Great Schism that occurred in 1054.

Martin Luther & The Reformation

Jan 1, 1517

Martin Luther was a German Professor of theology, composer, priest and monk. He was a significant figure in the founding of the Protestant Church and was the author of the 95 Theses. He rejected several teachings of the church at that time. Luther started the movement due the anger he felt when he saw the selling of indulgences, accusing the that the Pope had no authority over purgatory.

Henry VIII: Church of England & Persecution of Catholics

Jan 1, 1534

Henry VIII, the second son of Henry VII, was the heir to the English throne from the 21st of April 1509. Henry VII initiated the Church of England (Anglican), as a result of the Pope’s rejection of Henry’s ending of his first marriage, and inability to get a divorce. After Henry VIII formed the Anglican Church, he then started to persecute Catholics as a revenge for not allowing him to divorce.

The Council of Trent

Jan 1, 1544

The Council of Trent was held at Trento and Bologna, northern Italy. It was one of the most important Roman Catholic councils to be held. It has been called the Counter-Reformation in retaliation to the Protestant Reformation. Issues that were discussed included: to condemn the principles of Protestantism, Clarify the principles of Catholicism, effect a reformation, the church is the ultimate interpreter of the Bible, the relationship of faith and use of indulgences in the church.

The First Vatican Council

Jan 1, 1869

The first Vatican Council occurred in 1869 until 1870. It was evoked to discuss rising contemporary issues such as materialism, liberalism and rationalism. Two Constitutions were discussed and made in effect during this council to counter the rising contemporary issues; The Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith and The First Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ.

The Second Vatican Council

Jan 1, 1962

The second vatican council was held at Saint Peter's Basilica in the Vatican in 1962, ending in 1965. The council addressed relations that the church had between them and the modern world. Several Changes occurred due to this council including; renewal of consecrated life with a revised charism, efforts towards other religions and denominations, and the call to holiness for everyone, including the lay.

Year of Jubilee; In Celebration of 20 Centuries of Christianity

Jan 1, 2000

Yay! 20 Centuries of Christianity. With 3 years preparation leading up to it, focusing on meditation on Jesus, the Holy Spirit, and God the Father. The Jubilee was a celebration of faith and of the simplifying of the requirements for achieving the indulgence, as well as a huge effort to involve more Christians in the celebration. The Christian Church invited the Protestant and Orthodox Churches to celebrate with them as a sign of ecumenism. It was celebrated with World Youth Day in Rome.