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India Independence Movement
India's independence movement was a series of historic events. These were working towards ending British rule in India. -
African National Congress
Nelson Mandela was a member of the African National Congress beginning in the 1940s. -
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South Africa Apartheid
This was the racial segregation under the all-white government of South Africa. This caused other races to have to live in other places than whites and use separate public facilities. -
Afrikaner-dominated National Party
The 1948 election victory the Afrikaner-dominated National Party, which introduced a formal system of racial classification and segregation, that restricted non-whites basic rights. -
Pass Laws
These were laws that kept evolving more and more over time. These were to ensure a reliable supply of cheap, docile African labor for gold and diamond mines. -
Black Law Firm
Mandela and Tambo opened South Africa’s first Black law firm, which offered free or low-cost legal counsel to those affected by apartheid legislation. -
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Mau Mau Rebellion
This was a war in the British Kenya Colony. This was when the Mau Mau stepped up its attacks on European settlers and Kikuyu. -
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Cuban Revolution
This was a military and political attempt to overthrow the government of Cuba. It began after the 1952 Cuban coup d'état which placed Fulgencio Batista as head of state and the failed mass strike in opposition that followed. -
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Algerian War for Independence
This was a major armed conflict between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front. This led to Algeria winning its independence from France. -
Arrest
Mandela and 155 other activists were arrested and went on trial for treason. -
Ghana Independence Movement
Ghana gained independence from Britain and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. This was led by Kwame Nkrumah. -
Congo Independence Movement
The Congo gained their independence in 1960. This was because of their prime minister, Patrice Lumumba. -
Bantustans
These were a cornerstone of the Grand Apartheid policy. This was created to abolish the indirect representation of blacks in Pretoria and divide Africans into ten different discrete groups. -
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The Moving of Africans
The apartheid government forcibly moved millions of South Africans in a very large mass removal. This was to enable the Group Areas Act. This was to separate one race from another. -
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Cambodian Civil War
This was a war fought in Cambodia between the Communist Party of Kampuchea and the government forces of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge won this war. -
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Iranian Revolution
This was a series of events that led to the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty. This led to the establishment of the Islamic Republic. -
Released
Nelson Mandela was released from prison in 1990 and participated in the eradication of apartheid. -
The First
Nelson Mandela became the first Black President of South Africa and formed a multiethnic government to oversee the country's transition. -
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After Retiring
Nelson Mandela remained a devoted champion for peace and social justice in his own nation and around the world until he passed away.