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Signing of the Treaty of Paris
1763
10 February Signing of the Treaty of Paris
Ending the Seven Year’s War, also known as the French and Indian War in North America. France ceded all mainland North American territories, except New Orleans, in order to retain her Caribbean sugar islands. Britain gained all territory east of the Mississippi River; Spain kept territory west of the Mississippi, but exchanged East and West Florida for Cuba. -
Proclamation of 1763
1763
7 October
Proclamation of 1763
Wary of the cost of defending the colonies, George III prohibited all settlement west of the Appalachian mountains without guarantees of security from local Native American nations. The intervention in colonial affairs offended the thirteen colonies' claim to the exclusive right to govern lands to their west. -
Sugar Act
1764
5 April
Sugar Act
The first attempt to finance the defence of the colonies by the British Government. In order to deter smuggling and to encourage the production of British rum, taxes on molasses were dropped; a levy was placed on foreign Madeira wine and colonial exports of iron, lumber and other goods had to pass first through Britain and British customs. The Act established a hear to smuggling cases without jury and with the presumption of guilt.These measures led to widespread protest -
Stamp Act
1765
22 March
Stamp Act
Seeking to defray some of the costs of the colonies, Parliament required all legal documents, newspapers and pamphlets required to use watermarked, or 'stamped' paper on which a levy was placed. -
Quartering Act
1765
15 May
Quartering Act
Colonial assemblies required to pay for supplies to British garrisons. The New York assembly argued that it could not be forced to comply. -
Stamp Act
1765
7-25 October
Stamp Act Congress
Representatives from nine of the thirteen colonies declare the Stamp Act unconstitutional as it was a tax levied without their consent. -
Declaratory Act
1766
18 March
Declaratory Act
Parliament finalises the repeal of the Stamp Act, but declares that it has the right to tax colonies -
Townshed Acts
1767
29 June
Townshend Revenue Act (Townshend Duties)
Duties on tea, glass, lead, paper and paint to help pay for the administration of the colonies, John Dickinson publishes Letter from a Philadelphian Farmer in protest. Colonial assemblies condemn taxation without representation. -
The British are coming
1768
1 October
British troops arrive in Boston in response to political unrest. -
Boston Massacre
1770
5 March
Boston Massacre
Angered by the presence of troops and Britain's colonial policy, a crowd began harassing a group of soldiers guarding the customs house; a soldier was knocked down by a snowball and discharged his musket, sparking a volley into the crowd which kills five civilians. -
Tea Act
1773
10 May
Tea Act
In an effort to support the ailing East India Company, Parliament exempted its tea from import duties and allowed the Company to sell its tea directly to the colonies. Americans resented what they saw as an indirect tax subsidising a British company. -
Boston Tea Party
1773
16 December
Boston Tea Party
Angered by the Tea Acts, American patriots disguised as Mohawk Indians dump £9,000 of East India Company tea into the Boston harbour. -
Intolerable Acts
1774
May to June
Intolerable Acts
Four measures which stripped Massachusetts of self-government and judicial independence following the Boston Tea Party. The colonies responded with a general boycott of British goods. -
Contenential Congress
1774
September
Continental Congress
Colonial delegates meet to organise opposition to the Intolerable Acts. -
Battle of Lexington and Cocord
1775
19 April
Battles of Lexington and Concord
First engagements of the Revolutionary War between British troops and the Minutemen, who had been warned of the attack by Paul Revere. -
G. Washington
1775
16 June
Continental Congress appoints George Washington commander-in-chief of Continental Army; issued $2 million bills of credit to fund the army. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
1775
17 June
Battle of Bunker Hill
The first major battle of the War of Independence. Sir William Howe dislodged William Prescott's forces overlooking Boston at a cost of 1054 British casualties to the Americans' 367. -
Battle of Long Island and White Plains
1776
August - December
Battles of Long Island and White Plains
British forces occupy New York after American defeats. -
Battle of Trenton
1776
26 December
Battle of Trenton, New Jersey, providing a boast to American morale. -
British Surrender
1777
13 October
British surrender of 5,700 troops at Saratoga.
Lacking supplies, 5,700 British, German and loyalist forces under Major General John Burgoyne surrender to Major General Horatio Gates in a turning point in the Revolutionary War. -
Surrender of British
1781
18 October
Surrender of British forces under Cornwallis at Yorktown. -
Tready of Paris Endened
1783
3 September
Treaty of Paris, formally ending the Revolutionary War