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Grenville
• A British Whig statesman who rose to the position of Prime Minister of Great Britain.
• Grenville was born into an influential political family and first entered Parliament in 1741 as an MP for Buckingham -
Lord North
Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1770-1782:
• Created the acts as a means for Britain to get the money to pay its large debt
• He resigned on March of 1782
• Died on August 5, 1792, and is remembered as “the minister who lost America” -
Admiralty Courts
• They resolved disputes among merchants and seamen
• They didn’t use a jury system; the judge heard the evidence and decided the verdict
• During the French and Indian War their jurisdiction was expanded to the business of condemning enemy ships, impounded by the British, and to disposal of their contents
• When Great Britain decided to step up enforcement of the Trade and Navigation acts the authority of the courts was further expanded to include enforcement of customs and criminal charges for -
End of the French and Indian War
• Ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by France
• France lost all control over Canada and gave Louisiana to Spain, and England got Spanish Florida
• England ended up with a massive debt -
Proclamation of 1763
• A royal decree issued that prohibited the colonists from establishing or maintaining settlements west of an imaginary line running down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. -
Sugar Act
• The act had the colonists pay a 3 cent tax on sugar
• It also increased taxes on coffee, indigo, and wine -
Stamp Act
Created by Grenville
• The first internal tax levied directly on American colonists by the British government
• The act, which imposed a tax on all paper documents in the colonies
• The colonists argued that only their own representative assemblies could tax them and insisted that the act was unconstitutional, and they resorted to mob violence to intimidate stamp collectors into resigning -
Quartering Act
• Stated the American colonists had to house and feed British soldiers
• The New York colonial assembly disliked being commanded to provide quarter for British troops so they refused to comply with the law.
• In 1767 Parliament passed the New York Restraining Act which prohibited the royal governor of New York from signing any further legislation until the assembly complied with the Quartering Act -
Patrick Henry
• Patrick Henry is known for the famous speech "Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death" that helped in the passing of the Virginia Resolves. -
Sons Of Liberty
• The Sons of Liberty was an organization of dissidents that originated in the North American British colonies.
• The secret society was formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to take to the streets against the abuses of the British government. -
Stamp Act Congress
• Held between October 7 and 25, 1765 in New York City, consisting of representatives from some of the British colonies in North America; it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation. -
Repeal of Stamp Act
• An act for granting and applying certain stamp duties, and other duties, in the British colonies and plantations in America, towards further defraying the expences of defending, protecting, and securing the same; -
Declaratory Act
• Commonly known as the Declaratory Act, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765. -
Charles Townshend
• British chancellor of the Exchequer whose measures for the taxation of the British-American colonies intensified the hostilities that eventually led to the American Revolution. -
New York assembly disbanded
• Several colonial assemblies refused to vote the mandated supplies.
• The British then disbanded the New York assembly in 1767 to make an example of it. Many non-New Yorkers resented this action, seeing rightly that their own assembly could also be shut down. -
Townshend Acts
• A series of acts passed, beginning in 1767, by the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America. • The acts are named after Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who proposed the programme. -
Lead, Paper, Paint, Tea
• Taxes on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea were applied with the design of raising £40,000 a year for the administration of the colonies.
• The result was the resurrection of colonial hostilities created by the Stamp Act. -
Boston Massacre
• It was the culmination of tensions in the colonies that had been growing since the Redcoats first appeared in Massachusetts in Oct. 1768.
• Group of Bostonians harassed a smaller group of redcoats: throwing rocks an ice and taunted the soldiers.
• 5 colonists were killed. -
Committees of Correspondence
• Shadow governments organized by Patriot leaders of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution
• Used to coordinate act against Great Britain -
Tea Act
• This act wasn’t intended to raise revenue in the American colonies, and didn’t impose new taxes
• The Boston Royal Governor held the ships, which the colonists refused to unload, in the harbor. This led to the Boston Tea Party -
Boston Tea Party
• A political protest, led by the Sons of Liberty, in which the colonists dressed up as Indians and dumped the tea into the harbor -
Coercive Acts/ Intolerable Acts
• One of the measures that were designed to secure Great Britain’s jurisdictions over the colonies
• It was also demanded that the colonists pay for the nearly $1 million worth of tea dumped -
Boston Port Act
• The Boston Port Act is an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which became law on March 31, 1774, and is one of the measures that were designed to secure Great Britain's jurisdictions over her American dominions. -
Massachusetts Government Act
• An act for better regulating the government of the province of Massachusetts’s Bay
• Gave its royally-appointed governor wide-ranging powers -
Administration of Justice Act
• An act for or the impartial administration of justice in the cases of persons questioned for any acts done by them in the execution of the law, or for the suppression of riots and tumults, in the province of the Massachusetts’s Bay -
First Continental Congress
• A convention of delegates from twelve colonies (Georgia was not present) that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. -
Boycott
• In 1774, the British Parliament passed a series of laws collectively known as the Intolerable Acts, which were intended to suppress unrest in colonial Boston by closing the port and placing it under martial law.
• In response, colonial protestors led by a group called the Sons of Liberty issued a call for a boycott. -
Lexington and Conord
• It is unknown who fired the first shot at Lexington
• The war started officially at Lexington
• The colonial militias managed to fight off the British at Concord -
Quiet Period
• Period after the tea duty had been repealed in which there was no common complaint between all the colonies, but instead each colony had its own separate issues
