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Thomas Hobbes
BLEIFS: Religion should be seperated from politics -
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John Locke
BELIEFS: Natural Rights, Limited power to the king, Social contract between the people and the government, Freedom of religion -
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Baron de Montesquieu
BELIEFS: The government should be broken down, Three branches, One branch has control over another, Seperation of powers and checks and balances -
English Bill of Rights
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Voltaire
BELIEFS: Things must be explained logically and reasonably; Fought against tolerance, tyranny ,and superstition;Freedom of thought and respect for all individuals; Against any form of religion that was too strict and did not accept the beliefs of others -
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Benjamin Franklin
BELIEFS: Single legislature w/ advisory board, Slavery was morally wrong and should be abolished -
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
BELIEFS: Individual rights, Individual freedom, Majority rule -
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Adam Smith
BELIEFS: Individual freedom; Modern economics; Charity was a virtuous act but society should not depend on it -
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Cesare Beccaria
BELIEFS: Death penalty and believed torture was wrong, Education reduces crime rates, Right to a speedy and fair trial, the punishment should fit the crime for all -
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Thomas Jefferson
BELIEFS: Individuals freedoms and rights should be protected by government, Everyone should be able to get an education, Did not want a government with too much power -
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Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Freeing Mexico from the harsh rule of foreignes; marched through streets of Mexico; He was captured and then shot ; Fought for Mexican independence -
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Mary Wollstonecraft
BELIEFS:Rights of women; Inequalities in education; Equal treatment of all human beings; people should be judged on individual merit and virtue; Wives as equals not property -
Seven Years’ War Peace Treaty between Great Britain and France
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Stamp Act passed by British Parliament
Sponsered by George Grenville, the stamp act was the first of many taxes imposed by the british unto the colonies. the Act required that a tax be paid on every single piece of paper used by the colonists, which would allow for an official seal to put on it which had been rquired on official dacouments for over 100 years.
the colonists did not take kindly to this, as they had no say in the passing of the tax in the first place. Tarring and feathering was a form of torture implemented in the -
Repeal of Stamp Act
repeated action by the colonists caused parliament to repeal the act -
Townsend Act, new revenue taxes on North American colonists
the townsend act was a tax imposed on buying/owning everyday items such as paper, glass, or tea just to name a few. to enforece the act England sent over more troops to make sure taxes were being paid -
Riots in Boston met with violence by British troops
Otherwise known famously as the boston massacre. it was the killing of only five colonists by a group of soldirs defending a tax collectors house. the soldirs were being met with a riot and as such had there guns at the ready, Captain Preston told everyone to hold there fire, and what happened next is unknown to this day but one of the soldires started shooting and was followed by the rest. the effort caused panick leaving many wounded and a few dead. -
the gaspee incident
The Gaspee was a British Royal Navy ship assigned to customs duty. The ship was chasing a ship thought to be smuggling goods one night but ran aground Narragansett Bay, near Providence. the next night a group of people snuck on to the ship wounding the liutenent incharge and setting the ship ablaze. the y were led by John Brown. The british ordered a full investigation, and offered a reward for the culprits. They were never found. -
comitee of correspondance
comittees were formed to debate on specific issues and report on it in writing -
the tea act passed
The act that launched the final spark in boston. this act was not ment to raise money in the coloneys and actually no new taxes were imposed. moreso designed to prop up the east india company which had not been doing well financially, and was left with over 1800 pounds of unsold tea. this tea it was decided to be shipped directly to the colonys and sold at amjor discount price, but because of the taxes already in place the radicals believed this to be propaganda to turn the taxes in favor of col -
Boston Tea Party
after the tea act was passed sam adams and the radical sons of liberty held meetings in secret at one of these meetings a ship agreed to leave the colonies but the british refused to allow it and prepared to sieze the ship for not paying the taxes required. that night agroup of radicals disguised as mohawk indians dumped all the tea abord the ship into the harbour. -
First Continental Congress
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the intolerable acts
in retaliation to the boston tea prty the british passed a number of new acts
Quartering Act: Established March 24, 1765 This bill required that Colonial Authorities to furnish barracks and supplies to British troops. In 1766, it was expanded to public houses and unoccupied buildings, and was updated again June 2, 1774, to include occupied buildings.
among others -
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American Revolution
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Declaration of Independence
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American and French representatives sign two treaties in Paris: a Treaty of Amity and Commerce and a Treaty of Alliance.
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Simón Bolívar
BELIEFS: Strong central government; Pollitical power should be devided among different branches of government; Power not devided= too strong; no voting until they are educated -
Ratification of Constitution of the United States of America
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Estates General convened for the first time in 174 years in France 1789 Storming of the Bastille, prison (and armory) in Paris
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National Constituent Assembly and French Declaration of the Rights of Man
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Beheading of King Louis XVI
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Slave rebellion in Saint Domingue
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U.S. Bill of Rights ratified by states
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French Revolution
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Haiti Revolution
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French National Assembly gives citizenship to all free people of color in the colony of Saint Domingue
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France declares war on Austria
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France declares war on Great Britain
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All slaves on Saint Domingue emancipated by the French revolutionary authorities to join the French army and fight against the British
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Toussaint leads troops against the British
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French colonial forces defeated by Toussaint
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Toussaint negotiates peace with the British
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War ends between Great Britain and France
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Constitution for Haiti
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General Leclerc sent by Napoleon to subdue colony and re-institute slavery
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New declaration of war between Great Britain and France
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French withdraw troops; Haitians declare independence
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Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France
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Jean-Jacques Dessalines crowns himself emperor of Haiti
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British end the slave trade
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Declarations of self-government in most Latin American colonies
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French expelled from Spain
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Napoleon defeated and French empire reduced in Europe to France alone
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French abolish slave trade
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U.S. President Monroe declares doctrine against European interference with the new republics in the Americas, known as the Monroe Doctrine
