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Jan 1, 1440
The invention of the printing press.
Around the year 1440, the German inventor Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, which was a process that, with refinements and increased mechanization, allowed the multiple and faster reproduction of books. Here you have the link for a video that shows you what was the printing press and what impact it had on us: https://youtu.be/Xs1chMpM_nI -
Period: Jan 1, 1440 to Jan 1, 1512
Renaissance.
The Renaissance was a cultural movement, developed in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries, which was characterized by the return to the ideals of the Classic World. It was divides in two periods; the first period was The Quattrocento, developed during the 15th century and which main centre was the city of Florence. The second period was called Cinquecento, which was developed during the 16th century and which main centre was Rome. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople.
The Fall of Constantinople was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by an invading army of the Ottoman Empire, on 29th May 1453. The Ottomans were commanded by Mehmed the Conqueror ( the seventh sultan of the Ottoman Empire).. The conquest of Constantinople followed a 53-day siege that had begun on 6 April 1453.
The capture of Constantinople) marked the end of the Roman Empire, that had lasted for nearly 1,500 years, but it also marked the begging of the Modern Age. -
Oct 19, 1469
Catholic Kings' marriage.
Isabella I of Castile (1477-1502) and Ferdinand of Aragon (1479-1516) got married in the year 1469 in the city of Valladolid, receiving the join title of "Catholic Kings". They both governed their territories together, but each kingdom had its own laws and institutions, this was called "Dynastic Union"; which got in danger after Isabella's death in 1502. They created one of the most strong and powerful authoritarian monarchies of Europe. -
Jan 1, 1478
The tribunal of Inqusition.
The Catholic Kings wanted the religious unification for their kingdoms. To reach this goal, in the year 1478 (with the Pope's permission) they created the Tribunal of Inquisition to prosecute heretics in Spain. It was known for its several sentences and punishments. -
Period: Aug 3, 1492 to Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus' Expedition.
In 1492, Christopher Columbus was convinced to reach the Eastern Coast of Asia by crossing the Atlantic Ocean.He presented his project to the Portugueses Monarchs, but they didn't want to finance his expedition ; so he tried in Spain.The Catholic Monarchs accepted to finance his expedition. On 3rd August 1492 the expedition left from Palos, and on 12th October of 1492 they discovered America. Here you have the link for a video that explains you his all voyage: https://youtu.be/Yos2_iab8Zk -
Jun 7, 1494
Treaty of Tordesillas.
The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed at Tordesillas on June 7th 1494 . It divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile.This line of demarcation was about halfway between the Cape Verde islands (already Portuguese) and the islands entered by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage (claimed for Castile and León).
The lands to the east would belong to Portugal and the lands to the west to Castile. -
Period: Jul 8, 1497 to Aug 29, 1499
Vasco Da Gamma trip to India.
Vasco de Gama was the first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean when he arrives at Calicut on the Malabar Coast.
Da Gama left Lisbon in July 1497, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and anchored at Malindi on the east coast of Africa. With the aid of an Indian merchant he met there, he then set off across the Indian Ocean. In 1499 he had to fight his way out of the harbor on his return trip home. In 1524, he was sent as viceroy to India, but he fell ill and died in Cochin. -
Jan 19, 1502
How was America called?
In 1504 Columbus returned to Spain from his voyage to America, where he died two years later. He was convinced that he had reached India. However, in 1502 an Italian sailor named Amerigo Vespucci, had already realised that those lands belonged to a new continent. Later, the continent was called America in his honor. -
Jan 19, 1512
Muslim Expulsion.
In the year 1512 the Catholic kings established a royal decree that established the conversion of the Muslims to Christianity or their expulsion from Spain. It contravened the clauses of surrender of Granada and maintained tolerance with the Muslims. Those who converted to Christianity were called Moriscos -
Period: Aug 10, 1519 to Sep 8, 1522
Magellan's Expedition.
On 10th August 1519, five Spanish naos manned by 245 men, set sail from the port of Seville, commanded by Ferdinand Magellan. In the year 1520 the fleet log in a straight, that Magellan named as "The Straight of Magellan", which allowed them to surround the American continent .After a month they founded an ocean of calm waters .Finally, Magellan was mortally injured in a clash against the natives in Moctán. On 8th September of 1522, his expedition returned leaded by El Cano. -
Period: to
Baroque.
The Baroque is the name given to European culture in the period which started in the 17th century and lasted for most of the 18th century. It was influenced by the religious conflict which had divided Europe. -
Thirty Years' War.
The Thirty Years’ War (1618-48) began when Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II of Bohemia. The war came to involve the major powers of Europe, with Sweden, France, Spain and Austria all waging campaigns primarily on German soil. The war ended with a series of treaties that made up the Peace of Westphalia. The fallout reshaped the religious and political map of central Europe, setting the stage for the old centralized Roman Catholic empire to give way to a community of sovereign states. -
Treaty og Wesphalia.
In the year 1648 the Treaty of Westphalia was signed, bringing and end to the Thirty Year's War. This treaty recognised the independence of the United Provinces and signified the loss of Spanish supremacy in Europe. Much of central Europe had been destroyed. -
The Independence of Portugal.
Count -Duke Olivares' centralist policy caused various revolts in the Hispanic Monarchy. The most serious one took place in Catalonia and Portugal. The rebellion in Catalonia was suppressed in 1562. IN this year the Portugueses expelled Philip IV's representatives and got their independence. -
Period: to
The Spanish Sucession War.
This war was conflict that arose out of the disputed succession to the throne of Spain following the death of the childless Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. In an effort to regulate the impending succession, to which there were three principal claimants, England, the Dutch Republic, and France had in October 1698 signed the First Treaty of Partition, agreeing that on the death of Charles II, Prince Joseph Ferdinand, son of the elector of Bavaria, should inherit Spanish territories.
