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Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman, was born a slave in Maryland in 1820 or 1821and in 1849, Tubman’s owner died, she heard rumors that she was about to be sold. Fearing this possibility, Tubman decided to make a break for freedom and succeeded in reaching Philadelphia. Soon after that Tubman became a conductor in the Underground Railroad. -
Missouri Compromise
Henry clay, congress passed a series of agreements in 1820-1821 known as the Missouri Compromise. Under the agreements, Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. The rest of the louisiana territory was split into 2 parts. The president was Andrew Jackson at this time. -
Santa Fe Trail
The Santa Fe Trail stretched 780 miles from independence, Missouri to santa Fe in the Mexican province of New Mexico -
San Felipe de Austin
Before Austin's father Moses Austin, had received a land grant from Spain to establish a colony between the Brazos and Colorado River but unfortunately he was never able to because he died. Stephen his son carried out his father's project, in 1821 he established a colony where no dunkard, gambler, profane swearer and idler would be allowed.The settlement was made in Santa Felipe de Austin in stephen's honor. This was made possible because of Stephen he was granted permission. -
Mexico abolishes slavery
Mexico abolished slavery in 1829 and insisted that American settlers that moved to Texas free there slaves. This was a problem for Texas because Texas wasn't a independent country yet it was part of the Mexican territory and Americans would come and bring slaves. -
The Liberator
The liberator was by Lloyd Garrison's, it was a news paper of abolitionist. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
. In August 1831, Turner and more than 50 followers attacked four
plantations and killed about 60 whites. Whites eventually were captured and many members of the group, including Turner were killed Due to this it frightened and outraged slaveholders. . -
Stephen F. Austin goes to jail
Austin was arrested when he was in Mexico to present petitons to talk to the Mexican president and government for greater self government for Texas. While Austin was on his way home he was imprisoned for inciting revolution. -
Texas Revolution
After santa ana suspended local powers in Texas and other Mexican States several rebellions broke out including one that would be known as the Texas Revolution. -
Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail stretched from independence, to Missouri, to Oregon city Oregon. It was meat by two Methodist missionaries named Marcus and Narcissa Whitman. By driving their wagon as far as present day Boise, Idaho they proved that wagons could travel on the Oregon Trail. -
Mexican-American War
The reason for the Mexican American War was because Texas gained it's independence from Mexico in 1836. Also American citizens in the South wished to gain more slave states to increase political power but Mexico suffered internal difficulties. -
Texas enters the United States
On December 29, 1845 Texas entered the United States as a slave state, broadening the irrepressible differences in the United States over the issue of slavery and setting off the Mexican-American war. -
The North Star
Frederick Douglas created his own antislavery news paper called The North Star and guided runaway slaves to freedom. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
On February 2, 1848, the United States and Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Mexico agreed to the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico and ceded the New Mexico and California territories to the United States. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a series of resolutions created by Henry clay that were created to solve the issue of North and South. The Fugitive Slave act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C was abolished. -
Fugitive Slave act
The Fugitive Slave Act surprised many people . under the law,
alleged fugitive slaves were not entitled to a trial by jury and in addition, anyone convicted of helping a fugitive was held liable for a fine of $1,000 dollars and imprisonment for up to six months. -
Underground Railroad
The underground railroad was an attempt to escape from slavery it was a dangerous process and meant traveling on foot at night without any sense of distance or direction, except for the North Star and other natural signs. It also meant avoiding patrols of armed men on horseback and struggling through forests and across
riversand it often going without food for days at a time. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe published her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin,which stressed that slavery was not just a political contest, but also a great moral struggle. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
Douglas introduced a bill in Congress on January 23, 1854,
that would divide the area into two territories: Nebraska in the north and Kansas in the south. Months of struggle the Kansas- Nebraska Act became law in 1854 -
Dread Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott,was a slave whose owner took him from
the slave state of Missouri to free territory in Illinois and Wisconsin
and back to Missouri. scott appealed to the Supreme Court for his
freedom to live in a free state—Illinois—and a free territory—Wisconsin—had made him a free man. Finally on March 6, 1857,the Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott. according to the ruling, Scott lacked any legal standing to sue in federal court because he was not, and never could be, a citizen. -
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas Debates
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas were debating about slavery in the territories. Douglas believed deeply in popular sovereignty and Lincoln, on the other hand, believed that slavery was immoral. Douglas had won the debate. -
John Brown's raid/ Harpers Ferry
On the night of October 16, 1859,John Brown led a band of 21 men, black and white, into the Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia) his motive was to seize the federal arsenal there and start a general slave uprising. Instead troops stopped the rebellion and John was alter captured and sentenced to death. -
Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg began on July 1 when Confederate soldiers encountered several brigades of Union cavalry. The first day of fighting, 90,000 Union troops under the command of General George Meade had taken the field against 75,000 Confederates, led by General Lee. The three-day battle produced staggering losses: 23,000 Union men and 28,000 Confederates were killed or wounded. Lee gave up any hope of invading the North and his army went back to Virginia. -
Abraham Lincoln becomes president
In 1860 the Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln was successful because all of the other candidates wanted and supported slavery which the south wanted. -
Formation of the Confederacy
In February 1861, delegates from the secessionist states met in
Montgomery, Alabama, where they formed the Confederate
States of America, or Confederacy. Some Southern states decided to act and South Carolina led the way, seceding from the Union on December 20, 1860 later Mississippi soon followed South Carolina’s lead, as did Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. And the south elected Jefferson Davis as their president. -
Attack on Fort Summer
The battle of Fort happened on April 12-13 1861. The battle happened near Charleston, South Carolina and the fight was between the confederates state army and the U.S army and soon would start the American Civil War. -
Battle of Bull Run
The first bloodshed on the battlefield occurred about three months
after Fort Sumter fell, near little creek of Bull Run 25 miles from Washington, D.C. The battle was a seesaw affair and in the morning the Union army gained the upper hand, but the Confederates held firm. The south confederates helped win there first victory, but were exhausted and went home thinking that the battle/ war was over. -
Battle of Antietam
McClellan ordered his men to pursue Lee, and the two
sides fought on September 17 near a little creek. The clash proved to be the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with casualties totaling more than 26,000. The next day, instead of pursuing the battered Confederate army into Virginia and possibly ending the war, McClellan did nothing and as a result,
Lincoln removed him from command. -
Emancipation Proclamation
On January 1, 1863, Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation. The following portion captured national attention. The proclamation of Emancipation was to free slaves. The proclamation gave the war a moral purpose by turning the struggle into a fight to free the slaves. It also ensured that compromise was no longer possible. -
Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address is a speech that that the U.S president Abraham Lincoln delivered during the time of the American Civil War. I t was held at the dedication of the soldiers National Cemetery in Gettysburg Pennsylvania. -
Battle of Vicksburg
General UlyssesS. Grant fought to take Vicksburg one of the tow remaining confederates stronghold on the Mississippi River. Grant and his troops rushed to Vicksburg hoping to take the city Grant ordered 2 attacks on the frontal of Vicksburg did not succeeded instead he set up a siege. After food supplies ran low confederate command of Vicksburg asked to surrender. Later Port Hudson, Louisiana and Mississippi fell and the union had won and the confederacy was cut in two. -
Sherman's March
William Tecumseh Sherman began march southeast through Georgia to the sea creating a path of destruction. Sherman was determined to aka the south sick of war and generations would pass away before they would appeal. By November Sherman had burned most of Atlanta. When he finally reached the ocean Sherman and his forces followed by 25,00 slaves turned North to help Grant. -
Abolition
Abolition, the movement to abolish slavery, became the most important of a series of reform movements in America. -
Conscription
As the fighting intensified, between the North and the South heavy casualties and widespread desertions led each side to impose conscription, a draft that forced men to serve in the army. -
Surrender at Appomattox Court House
On April9, 1865 Lee and Grant met at a private home to arrange a confederate surrender. The terms were generous Grant paroled Lee's soldiers and sent them home with there possessions and 3 days worth of rations. -
Thirteen Amendment
The Thirteen Amendment stated that the U.S constitution was '' Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime where the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
On April 14, 1865 president Abraham Lincoln and his wife went out to go see a movie at the Ford's Theater in Washington. During the third act of the movie John Wilkes Booth came up to him from behind and shot him in the back of his head. John shot Lincoln because he wanted justice of the south. -
Income tax
As the Northern economy grew, Congress decided to help pay for the war by collecting the nation’s first income tax, a tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual’s income. -
Manifest Destiny
The phrase Manifest was believed to express the belief that the United states was ordained to expand the Pacific Ocean and into the Mexican and Native American territory.
