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Abolition
The movement to abolish slavery during the 19th century, which is the most important series of reform movements in America. -
Missouri Compromise
Congress passed agreements that Maine was admitted as a free state, and Missouri as a slave state.
The south part of the Louisiana Territory slavery was legal and the North part slavery was banned (36 degrees 30').
James Monroe was president at this time. -
Santa Fe Trail
This was one of the busiest Native American routes that settlers and traders used.
It stretched 780 miles from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe in New Mexico. -
San Felipe de Austin
This land was set up from Stephen's dad, and in honor of Stephen.
The main settlement of the colonies built between the Brazos river and Colorado river.
"No drunkard, no gambler, no profane swearer, and no idler" would be allowed. He asked for permission from Spain and Mexico to make this possible. -
The Liberator
Written by William Lloyd Garrison, this book was an antislavery paper that delivered an uncompromising demand of immediate emancipation of slavery. -
Mexico Abolishes Slavery
Mexico abolished slavery in 1829, and this was a problem because politics had become unstable and Mexico insisted in Texas freeing their slaves. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Turner, a Virginia slave, and 50 others attacked 4 plantations and killed about 60 white people. -
Stephen F. Austin goes to jail
Stephen is sent to jail in 1833 when he traveled to Mexico City to petition a greater self-government for Texas, and on his way home, Santa Anna had Austin imprisoned for inciting a revolution. -
Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail stretched from Independence, Missouri to Oregon City, Oregon.
The first travelers were Marcus and Narcissa Whitman, that drove their wagon as far as Fort Boise and later showed that wagons were able to travel on the Oregon Trail. -
Texas Revolution
This is the rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico. -
Manifest Destiny
The belief that the U.S. was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territory. -
Texas Enters the United States
Texas entered the Union on December 29, 1845.
Southerners favored Texas so that they could extend slavery but Northerners feared the annexation of Texas because the expansion of slavery. -
Mexican-American War
It was a battle for land- Mexico fought to keep what they thought was their property and the U.S. fought to gain back the disputed land of Texas and to gain more of Mexico's northern land. -
The North Star
Written by Frederick Douglass, it was his anti slavery newspaper.
Wrote about the North Star because it helped guide the slaves to freedom. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
U.S. was continuously victorious over Mexico, which led to Mexico admitting the defeat.
After a year of fighting both countries signed a treaty that stated that Mexico agreed to the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico and ceded the New Mexico and California territories to the U.S. and the U.S. agreed to pay $15 million for the Mexican cession. -
Compromise of 1850
A set of resolutions that Clay presented to the Senate with the help of Daniel Webster, a compromise that both the North and South would accept.
California be admitted as a free state.
new and more effective fugitive slave law. -
Fugitive Slave Act
Anyone who was seen helping a fugitive was expected to pay a fine of $1000 and jailed up to 6 months.
Organized a "vigilance committees" and violence to protest. -
Underground Railroad
Free African Americans and white abolitionists developed this to hide fugitive slaves in secret tunnels that provided them with food and clothes and helped them escape. -
Harriet Tubman
One of the most famous conductors; when her owner died she feared that she was going to be sold so she successfully fled to Philadelphia, helped 300 slaves and her parents escape slavery. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
This book was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, it stressed that slavery was not just a political competition, but also a moral struggle. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Senator Stephen Douglas proposed this act, it proposed that Nebraska be in the north and Kansas in the south, Missouri Compromise would be repealed. -
Dread Scott v. Stanford
He was a slave whose owner took him from the slave state of Missouri to free territory in Illinois and Wisconsin and back to Missouri.
He stated that being in a free territory made him a free man.
The Court ruled against him and said he was not able to sue in the federal court because he was not, and never will be, a citizen being in a free territory did not make someone a free man. -
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas Debates
This debate was about the problem of slavery in the territories. Lincoln believed that slavery was immoral, but Douglas believed in popular sovereignty. Douglas won the debate although there was a split in Democratic Party. -
John Brown's raid/Harper's Ferry
Brown led a band of 21 black and white men into Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
His goal was to seize the federal arsenal there and start a general slave uprising, but later he was tried and put to death. -
Abraham Lincoln Becomes President
Abraham Lincoln became president in 1860, and was one of the greatest presidents ever. He was successful against other presidents because he helped end slavery. -
Formation of the Confederacy
Formed in February 1861. Delegates from the secessionist states met in Montgomery, Alabama to form the Confederacy and also made a new constitution that was similar to the U.S. constitution.
Jefferson Davis was president at the time, and states that joined were Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. -
Attack on Fort Sumter
Confederate soldiers destroyed Fort Sumter on an island in Charleston Harbor.
The result of this was that the Confederate army marched away in cheers, the fort was neither to be abandoned or reinforced. -
Battle of the Bull Run
Took place three months after Fort Sumter.
In the morning the Union army gained possession of the land and then in the afternoon, the Confederate army helped win the first Southern victory.
The Confederates resulted in being too exhausted, predicted the war was over, and the soldiers left the army and went home. -
Battle at Vicksburg
Ulysses S. Grant fought to take Vicksburg, one of the two remaining Confederate strongholds on the Mississippi River, while Meade's Army was destroying Confederate troops in Gettysburg. -
Battle of Antietam
When McClellan found out that Robert E. Lee, who led the Confederate army, and Stonewall Jackson's army were separated, he sent his men to attack Lee and fought near a Antietam.
In the end, more than 26,000 dead, McClellan did nothing to end the war so Lincoln removed him from command. -
Emancipation Proclomation
This proclamation gave the war a moral purpose by turning the struggle into a fight to free slaves. The compromise was no longer possible.
Lincoln proposed this to emancipate slaves, but he wasn't able to free slaves immediately. -
Battle of Gettysburg
Started when Confederate soldiers were led by A.P. Hill, encountered several brigades of Union cavalry under the command of John Buford, who was an experienced officer from Illinois. -
Gettysburg Address
This was President Lincoln's speech 'Remade America' and it was dedicated to the cemetery in Gettysburg. -
Sherman's March
Sherman started from the southeast through Georgia, to the sea, creating a massive destruction.
His army destroyed houses, livestocks, and railroads. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln and his wife were in the Ford's theatre to see a British comedy when he was shot in the back of the head, he survived less than 24 hours and died on April 15th, 1865.
John Wilkes Booth killed him. -
Surrender at Appomattox Court House
When Union troops conquered Richmond, the Confederate capital, Lee and Grant met to arrange a confederate surrender; Grant sent Lee's soldiers back home with their possession and 3 days worth of rations.
This marked the end of the Civil War. -
Thirteenth Amendment
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” -
Income Tax
A tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual's income. -
Conscription
This was the draft that led to war riots because men were forced to serve.
