ANCIENT PERIOD TO REFORMATION TIMELINE

DECLINE OF ANCIENT GREECE

146 BCE

DECLINE OF ANCIENT GREECE
The civilization of Ancient Greece emerged into the light of history in the 8th century BC. Greece fell to the Romans, in 146 BC.
Some historians are pointing out that Ancient Greece did not really "fall" or collapse. Instead, it just declined because the numerous influences of Ancient Greece were spread all over the world and some are still evident at present.

FALL OF ANCIENT EGYPT

30 BCE

FALL OF ANCIENT EGYPT Egypt became a Roman province after the defeat of Marc Antony and Queen Cleopatra VII in 30 BCE. During this period, religious and other traditions slowly declined.

THE MIDDLE AGES

Period: 400 to 1500

THE MIDDLE AGES
This to a time in European history from 400-1500 AD. It was a period between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. Historians usually divide the Middle Ages into three smaller periods called the Early Middle Ages, the High Middle Ages, and the Late Middle Ages.

WHAT WAS THE MIDDLE AGES LIKE?

Period: 400 to 1500

1. 90% of the European population remained rural peasants gathered into small communities of manors or villages.
2. Towns were often fortified by walls in response to disorder and raids.
3. Daily life for peasants consisted of working the land. Life was harsh, with a limited diet and little comfort.
4. Women were subordinate to men, in both the peasant and noble classes.
5. Children had a 50% survival rate beyond age one, and began to contribute to family life around age twelve.

FALL OF ANCIENT ROME

476

FALL OF ANCIENT ROME In 476 AD, a Germanic barbarian by the name of Odoacer took control of Rome. He became king of Italy and forced the last emperor of Rome, Romulus Augustulus, to give up his crown. Many historians consider this to be the end of the Roman Empire.

8 REASONS WHY ROME FELL

476

1. Invasions by Barbarian tribes
2. Economic troubles & heavily reliance on slave trade
3. The Rise of the Eastern Empire
4. Over-expansion and military overspending
5. Government corruption and political instability
6. Arrival of the Huns
7. Christianity and the loss of traditional values
8. Weakening of military loyalty to Rome

CORONATION OF CHARLEMAGNE

800

Also called Carlo Magno (Charles the Great) Pope Leo III crowned Carlo Magno as emperor on December 25, 800 A.D. (Christmas Day). The significance of the coronation originates from Charlemagne's restoration of the Roman Church, which indicates a strengthening relationship between the Church and the secular power

THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES

Period: 1000 to 1250

1. New areas of the world were being explored (for example, Marco Polo).
2. Education became more important. Universities were established and were attended by young nobles.
3. Feudalism was slowly declining. The people moved toward a more city-like lifestyle where there were markets, food stalls, and guilds.
4. The Church gained more power and authority.

THE GREAT SCHISM

1054

THE GREAT SCHISM

1. This split the main faction of Christianity into two divisions, Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox.
2. It came about due to a complex mix of religious disagreements and political conflicts.
3. One of the conflicting beliefs for example is the disagreements between the western (Roman) and eastern (Byzantine) branches of the church on whether or not it was acceptable to use unleavened bread for the sacrament of communion.

THE LAY INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY

1075

King Henry believed that, as king, he had the right to appoint the bishops. This was known as lay investiture. Pope Gregory, on the other hand, angrily opposed this idea because he believed that only the Pope can have this power of granting and appointing bishops into positions.

POPE INNOCENT III (1198-1216).

1220

Original name: Lothar of Segni, born in 1160.

1. This pope was considered as the most powerful in history. He was the Pope for almost 20 years (1198-1216).
2. He launched the crusades.
3. He combated heresy in Italy and France.

THE INQUISITION (1184–1230s)

1230

THE INQUISITION

1. This was a wide movement implemented by the Catholic Church to remove heresy in society.
2. Heresy is considered a sin and even a crime during the Middle Ages because these are beliefs, opinions, or actions that are opposite to the teachings of the Church.
3. People who practice heresy are called heretics. To remove heresy, there were many forms of tortures and wars committed to eliminate heretics.

CRUSADES (1095 – 1291)

1230

1. Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims to secure control of holy sites
2. Crusades were a supported by the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages because the Church wanted to reclaim the holy sites and once again gain control of these lands.