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Aug 1, 1521
Mexico Conquered
In 1521 the Spanish invaded modern day Mexico. To conquer Mexico they had to take over the Aztec empire. By Hernán Cortés and his army of conquistadors. -
Iturrigaray’s Plan
The Peninsulares learned of Viceroy Jose de Iturrigaray’s intent to form a government formed by tyrants. He plotted a move that he thought might make him King of a Mexican kingdom. In an armed attack on the palace, Peninsulares arrested Iturrigaray and replaced him with Pedro Garibay. -
Beginning of Mexico’s attempt for independence
This was the day that Mexico started to get the idea that they could fight for independence. They realized this with the help of a progressive priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. Today this is Known as the “Grito de Dolores.” -
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla issued the Grito de Dolores
Hidalgo read the Grito de Dolores to the public of Dolores, a town in Mexico. It was a tract that said that Mexico should be independent from Spain. It started the Mexican War of Independence. -
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla’s army was defeated
After reading the Grito de Dolores, Hidalgo led an army of natives and Mestizos. They almost captured the Mexican capital, but they were defeated at Calderón. Afterward, several other people led rebel armies, including José María Morelos y Pavón, Mariano Matamoros, and Vicente Guerrero. -
Hidalgo was captured
A rebel group turned loyalist. Ignacio Elizondo attacked Ignacio Allende. Father Hidalgo and his associates at the Wells of Baján on the road. Hidalgo and associates were captured and killed in Chihuahua. -
Announced Plan de Iguala
The plan was created by Agustín de Iturbide and Vicente Guerrero. Iturbide was a Royalist, the conservative group, and Guerrero was a revolutionary who was against the Royalists. The plan stated that Mexico would become an independent constitutional monarchy, the Catholic Church would continue to be sacred, and Mexicans of spanish descent would be regarded as equal to spaniards born in Spain. Therefore Mexicans of mixed or pure Indian blood would have lesser rights. -
Treaty of Córdoba
The Treaty of Córdoba was what finally made Mexico independent. The treaty was signed by Juan de O’Donojú, Mexico’s new Viceroy. It approved part of the Plan de Iguala and made Mexico an independent constitutional monarchy. -
Iturbide became emperor
Agustín de Iturbide became the ruler of Mexico. He was the Royalist who negotiated the Plan de Iguala. He was only the ruler because there was no Bourbon monarch. -
Iturbide was deposed
Santa Anna and Guadalupe Victoria, republican leaders, overthrew Iturbide. They made Mexico a republic. Guadalupe Victoria was its first president.
