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Jan 1, 1021
Book of Optics
Alhazen completes his Book of Optics, which made important advances in ophthalmology and eye surgery, as it correctly explained the process of visual perception -
Jan 1, 1030
Book of Healing
Avicenna writes The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine, in which he establishes experimental medicine and evidence-based medicine. The Canon remains a standard textbook in Muslim and European universities until the 18th century. The book's contributions to medicine includes the introduction of clinical trials and many other things. -
Jan 1, 1248
Veterinary Medicine
Ibn al-Baitar wrote on botany and pharmacy, studied animal anatomy and medicine, and was a pioneer of veterinary medicine. -
Jan 1, 1249
Far-sightedness
Roger Bacon writes about convex lens spectacles for treating long-sightedness. -
Scurvy
James Lind discovers that citrus fruits prevent scurvy. -
Alternative Medicine
Samuel Hahnemann rages against the prevalent practice of bloodletting as a universal cure and founds homeopathy. -
Smallpox Vaccine
Edward Jenner develops a smallpox vaccination method. -
Anastesia
Humphry Davy announces the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide. -
First Vaccine for Diphtheria
Made by Behring -
First Successful Vaccine for Tuberculosis
Used in France, and not used in other countries until after WWII. -
Polio Vaccine
Jonas Salk develops the first polio vaccine (available in 1955). -
First Full Face Transplant Carried out in Spain
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Connection between Nerves
Galen studies the connection between paralysis and severance of the spinal cord. -
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First Encyclopedia of Medicine Written
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, a pioneer in the field of child development, writes the first encyclopedia of medicine in Arabic. -
Period: to
Pox
Rhazes pioneers pediatrics, and makes the first clear distinction between smallpox and measles in his al-Hawi.