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Period: 1096 to 1291
Crusades are fought
The crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. Crusaders wore a red cross as a symbol of on their armor and clothing, as well as on flags and banners that were carried into battle. -
1337
100 Year War Begins
The causes of the 100 Year War were disagreements over rights to land, a dispute over the succession to the French throne and economic conflicts. Poor knights and unemployed knights were promised regular wages. Criminals who enlisted were granted pardons, Great nobles expected to be rewarded with large estates. If victorious the men might keep whatever they seized.It was fought in France and the Low countries. -
1347
Black Death begins in Europe
It went through Europe and killed many people; about one third of the population died. The population took 400 years to grow back to what it was before.Within 3 to 7 days of exposure to plague bacteria, you will develop flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, chills, weakness, and swollen, tender lymph glands. -
1400
Renaissance begins
The renaissance directly contributed to new ways of thinking about religion and the role it played in society. This was also the beginning of the Protestant Reformation led by Martin Luther that broke away from the Catholic Church. The word Renaissance is actually French and means "rebirth", which is what this period was with many people trying to recreate the idea of Ancient Greece and Rome. -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc Burned at the Stake
Joan referred to herself as "Jehanne," which was translated to "Joan" by the English.While Joan of Arc led the French army to victory during the Hundred Years’ War, she didn’t engage in combat herself. Her role was more that of a military strategist and a rallying figure for her troops.Joan had 70 charges raised against her, including practicing witchcraft. That led to her being burned at the stake all dealt with her dressing as a man and believing she could talk to God. -
1440
Johannes Gutenberg printing press
Gutenberg borrowed 800 guilders from a local financier, Johan Fust, to purchase specific tools and equipment. Each metal block contained one character: letters, numbers, and punctuation. Gutenberg actually created the printing press in an attempt to offset losses from a failed attempt selling metal mirrors. -
1453
Fall of Constantinople
The negative side of the impact was the black sea trade crashes as the ottoman empire essentially started a monopoly of trade. -
Nov 1, 1478
Start of the Spanish Inquisition
Ferdinand and Isabella chose catholicism to unite Spain and in 1478 asked permission of the pope to begin the Spanish Inquisition to purify the people of Spain. Most historians point a combination of political, economic and religious motives, the latter were certainly predominant. Muslim coverts to catholicism, called moriscos, were targeted for the same reason as Jewish converts. In the late 16th century protestants, mainly Lutherans, also become the target of the Inquisition. -
Period: 1491 to 1547
King Henry VIII Reign
He has six wives, one died, one survived, two divorced, and two beheaded. One of his wives, Jane Seymour gave brith to Edward VI. He separated the church of England from the Roman Catholic Church in 1534 using the Act of Supremacy to declare himself the head of the church of England. -
Period: 1492 to 1492
Columbian Exchange
The columbian change refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, disease, and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life. Advancements in agriculture production, evolution of warfare increased mortality rates and education are a few examples of the effect of the columbian Exchange. -
1498
Christopher Columbus Lands in the New World
He made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain. Columbus brought horses to the new world on his second voyage. He believed that he found a faster and easier way to sail to Asia, He wanted to spices, jewels, and other treasures from Asia.The king and queen of Spain gave him 90 crew members and 3 ships. They were the Nina, Pinta, and the Santa Maria. -
1506
Mona Lisa Completed 1506
Leonardo Da Vinci used moe than thirty layers of paint on Mona Lis, some of which were thinner than human hair. He invented scissors, played the viola, and he took twelve years painting Mona Lisa'a lips. Mona Lisa is now over 500 years old. She has no eyebrows or eyelashes this was the trend in the 1500s, women would pluck out their facial hair. -
1508
Michelangelo begins painting the Sistine Chapel
Working on the Sistine Chapel was so unpleasant that Michelangelo wrote a poem about his miserly, He described the physical strain of the Chapel project to his friend Giovanni da Pistoia. The scheme proposed by the pope was for twelve large figures of the apostles, Michelangelo negotiated for a grander, much more complex scheme and was finally permitted in his own words, "to do as I liked." -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther post 95 Theses
The theses were originally mean to be a spark for academic debate. Hammering documents to doors of public buildings was quite an ordinary practice in the times of Martin Luther. The 95 theses were also distributed as a paper afterwards. Albert of Brandenburg placed the theses on the door of the aforementioned church, the next was dispatching a copy of theses to various interesting parties. -
1521
Cortes Conquered the Aztecs
He was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who defeated the Azteca empire and claimed Mexico for Spain. He first set sailed to the New World at the age of 19. The Spanish Campaign declared victorious, when a coalition army of Spanish forces and native Tlaxcalan warriors led by him and Xicotencatl the younger captured the emperor Cuauhtemoc and Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire. -
Period: 1533 to
Queen Elizabeth’s Reign
Elizabeth was a daughter of King Henry VII and his second wife Annne Boleyn. she was born a princess, but lost this status when henry decided to have Anne's head chopped off, when Elizabeth was 2 years and a half. Queen Elizabeth never got married or had any children, so there was no heir to the throne in her family line, the title went to the King of Scotland, James VI, who had some family link to Elizabeth. -
Period: 1533 to
Ivan the Terrible’s Reign
Was tsar of Russia from 1530-1584 and established a tradition of absolute rule. After a childhood of abuse and repression he destroyed his rivals and claimed the throne of Tsardom.Russia was still struggling to establish its own identity after just emerging from the Mongol yoke in 1480. The princes of Muscovy had traditionally been tax collectors for the Mongols and it was not until Ivan the I managed to amass a large personal fortune and conquer surrounding rivals. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Counter Reformation
The Counter- Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed if five major elements: Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental practice, Ecclesiastical, Religious orders, Spiritual movements, Political dimensions. It began after Martin Luther's reformation, which made the many Protestant Churches. The Catholic did two things, they doubled their efforts, and they also stressed some points of faith that the Protestants's objections had put in danger. -
1555
Peace of Augsburg
Was a treaty between Charles V and the forces of the Schmalkaldic league. The Peace of Augsburg caused religious wars to stop for at least a period. Each prince was to determine whether lutheranism and catholicism was to win in his lands. Dissenters were allowed to emigrate, and the free cities were obligated to allow both catholics and lutherans to practice their religions. -
Spanish Armada
England was a protestant nation, when Elizabeth I executed the Catholic Mary Queen of Scotts in 1587, Philip decided to invade England. Philip's plan was that an armada of 130 ships would sail to the Netherlands, to pick up more of the Spanish army and invade England. Five Spanish ships were lost and many were badly battered. The battle ended because the english ships ran out of ammunition. -
Edict of Nantes
King Henry IV of France, granted the calvinist protestants of France substantial rights in the nation which was still considered essentially catholic at the time. In the edict, Henry aimed primarily to promote civil unity. French royal decree establishing toleration for huguenots within limits, and ended the Wars of Religion the edict revoked by Louis XIV causing many huguenots to emigrate. -
Period: to
Era of the Samurai
The Samurai, members of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan, began as provincial warriors before rising to power in the 12th century with the beginning of the country's first military dictatorship, known as the shogunate. Saigō Takamori was one of the most influential Samurai in Japanese history living during the late Edo and early Meiji periods. -
William Shakespeare's Death
The cause of Shakespeare was mysterious, but an entry in the diary of John Ward, the Vicar of Holy Trinity church in Stratford, tells us that "Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Johnson had a merry meeting and it seems he drank too hard, for shakespeare died of a fever there contracted." -
Petition of Rights
1628 is one of England's most famous Constitutional documents. It was written by Parliament as an objection to an overreach of authority by King Charles I. During his reign, English citizens saw this overreach of authority as a major infringement on their civil rights. these three British documents, Magna Carta, Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights, contained the basic tenets of limited government that would come to influence the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights. -
King Charles the First Executed
In London, King Charles I is beheaded for treason on January 30, 1649. Charles ascended to the English throne in 1625 following the death of his father, King James I. In the first year of his reign, Charles offended his Protestant subjects by marrying Henrietta Maria, a Catholic French princess. -
Lord George McCartney Expelled
The goal of the embassy was was to convince Chinese emperor Qianlong to ease restrictions on trade between Great Britain and China. The last emperor of China is forced to abdicate following sunYat- Sen's republican. A provisional government was established in his place, ending 267 years of Manchu rule china and 2,000 years of imperial rule.He was a British statesman, colonial administrator and diplomat. -
Period: to
Salve Trade
Slavery itself would persist in the British colonies until its final abolition in 1838. The slave trade refers to the transatlantic trading patterns which were established as early as the mid-17th century. Trading ships would set sail from Europe with a cargo of manufactured goods to the west coast of Africa. -
Period: to
Opium War
The Opium War were two major wars fought between China and Great Britain over the trade in China. Russia gained land from china as a result of the second Opium War. The united states became evolved in the second Opium War after the Chinese attacked the U.S navy officer. Hong Kong was returned to china in 1997.
