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1700
Philosophers, theorists, psychologists and educators have addressed appropriate educational practices for learning. -
1700
Philosophers, theorists, psychologists and educators have addressed appropriate educational practices for learning. -
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Literacy Timeline
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Period: to
Literacy Timeline
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1712 Emile
Created by Rousseau. -
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1712-1778 Jean Jacques Rousseau
He was a a philosopher, composer and writer. He was for children’s education to be natural, asking to learn what they are developmentally for. Believed children have individual ways of learning and the formal instruction can interfere with development. -
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1746-1827 Johann Heinrich Pestlozzi
He was was influenced by Rousseau. He started his own school, developed principles for learning that combined natural elements with informal instruction. He suggests children’s potential develops through sensory manipulative experiences, designed lessons involving manipulating objects “gifts”. Children learn through touch, smell, language, size and shape. -
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1782-1825 Friedrich Wilhelm August Frobel
He was a Herman pedagogue believed in natural unfolding of a child, he followed Pestalozzi’s ideas. He is known for emphasizing the importance of play in learning. First educator to design a systematic curriculum for young children that includes objects and materials. -
1925 Arnold Gesell
He was a developmental psychologist who advocated maturation as the most important factor in learning.He said to avoid reading in Pre-K and Kindergarten. -
1931 Morphett and Washburne
They supported the postponement of reading instruction until old enough. -
1954 B.F. Skinner
Behaviorism. The outcome of learning is a permanent change in behavior that is caused by a response to an experience or stimulus. You learn through imitation, association and conditioning. Programs are skilled bases, little time for social, emotional, physical development, main concern is acquisition of cognitive skills. -
1960 Research Era
The investigate childhood literacy development. Done in diverse cultural and socioeconomic setting. -
1965 Maria Montessori
She created the method of instruction that used senses to promote learning. Teacher is a guide who prepares an environment with materials designed to teach certain skills. Promotes independent learning for children, with daily schedules that are systematic and organized. -
1966 Marie Clay
She assumed that the child acquired some knowledge about language, reading, and writing before hand. -
1966 Emergent Literacy
Emergent Literacy has came about. It acknowledges a child’s scribble marks on a page as rudimentary writing, even if not one letter is discernible. -
1966 John Dewey
He led the concept of the child-centered curriculum or progressive education. Curriculum should be built around interests of children. Maintained social interactions encouraged learning and themes of interests of children. -
1969 Jean Piaget
Theory describes intellectual capabilities of children at different stages of development.Sensorimotor Period 0-2 years.Thoughts determined by explorations baby hears,sees,tastes and feels. Preoperational Period 2-7,a child’s language develops and thinking is concrete,child begins to organize his world. Concrete Operational Period 7-11 child begins his thought processes in concrete and is able to move into some abstract ideas. Formal Operations Period 11-adult high level of thinking. -
1970 Constructivism and Whole Language Instruction
Whole language considers children who are not reading conventionally. Integrated language arts has equal emphasizes on reading, writing, listening and oral language. It's continuous and takes many forms. -
1980 Vygotsky
His heory of intellectual development suggests learning occurs as children acquire new concepts or schemes. a scheme is a mental structure in which a person stores information. Mental functions are acquired through social relationships. -
1990 Balanced Comprehensive Approach
It uses multiple methods. It suggests that no single combination of methods can be successfully teach all children to read. It grounded in a rich model of literacy learning that encompasses the elegance and complexity of literacy process. -
2000 National Early Literacy Panel Report
It shows the most effective strategies for teaching children to read. Phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, comprehensive and fluency are all crucial to early literacy success -
2001 No Child Left Behind Act
The goal was for every child to become a fluent reader by grade 3. A school was awarded reading first grants to low achieving school districts -
2015 ESSA
ESSA helped ensure that every student succeeds.