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Rousseau
He believed that children should only learn the things that they are developmentally ready for. Many children learn through curiosity and should only learn what is appropriate for them. He believed that the teachers role was to facilitate learning by giving them activities that were appropriate for their readiness. -
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Pestalozzi
He built off of Rousseau's ideas but believed that children should be expected to learn on their own. It is the job of the teacher and the parents to create the appropriate environment for children to learn and grow. -
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Froebel
Froebel continued to build on the ideas of Rousseau and Pestalozzi but was the first to really emphasize the importance of play in education. He was also the first to design a curriculum that used materials in childrens learning and would later on come to create the term Kindergarten. -
Reading Readiness
Reading readiness are skills that children need prior to learning how to read. Such as learning sounds and recognizing letters. Prior to this teachers were told not to teach children hoe to read because they were not ready, however after standardized testing became popular it real helped teachers to know how to prepare their students to learn how to read. -
Skinner - Behaviorism
He believed that people learned by doing a behavior an then receiving a reward. He believed that learning needed to have specific structure in order to succeed. -
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Research Era
Many changes were made to literacy education during this period. They looked at the cognitive development of children in order to help teachers teach them best. -
Montessori
Montessori believed in learning through your senses. Manipulative's were often used in the classroom so that students learn through different senses. For literacy they may use cards that have a raised texture of a specific letter or they might trace the letter as they make the sound. -
Dewey - Progressive Education
Dewey believed that we should teach to the interests of the child. In the ways of literacy, teaching children how to read was much more indirect. They may have had informal activities that led to reading but none that were specific to literacy development. -
emergent Literature
Children start learning language right when they are born and that is what emergent literature is. It is an ongoing thing that helps children learn about language. -
Piaget
He believed that children learn different things at the different stages in their life. For literacy development each stage build on the next. Children will go from talking and listening to stories to describing things to making connections between two things. -
Vygotsky
He believed that children learn by gaining new concepts through interactions with other people. It is important that teachers and parents are constantly talking and reading to children so that they can gain these new concepts and make connections. -
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Whole Language and Phonics
Whole language instruction focuses on a child's experiences. However it was widely understood which lead teachers to favor phonics more which is more focused on the different parts of the words. -
National Reading Panel Report
It was a significant analysis that helped reveal important things about literacy to help teachers understand how to teach language to children. -
National Early Literacy Panel Report
this study helped to identify the skills and abilities of young children in order to help them find the strategies to learn how to read.