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Civil Service Reform
The five important civil service reforms were the two Tenure of Office Acts of 1820 and 1867, Pendleton Act of 1883, the Hatch Acts (1939 and 1940) and the CSRA of 1978. -
Indian Removal
The Indian Removal Act was passed by congress on May 28 in 1830. The president Andrew Jackson negotiated with Indian tribes to move to the west of the Mississippi River. -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony used to work as a teacher until she turned her head towards women suffrage. And she became the president of the National American Women Suffrage Association. -
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Third Parties Politics
The third parties politics focus on a lack of policies that the 2 big parties have about something. The third parties try to get a big vote with this to become the strong party. That is also very important for the people because sometimes they have very good problem-solving ideas. In this time period the politics were very important because they also determine which of the big parties will win the presidency. -
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Urbanization & Industrialization
In the 19th century people started moving to the cities which is called Urbanization because they hoped for better work in the cities to earn more money. That process was influenced by the Industrialization in America because it provided more work for the people but under poor conditions. -
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Immigration & the American Dream
In this time period many immigrants came to America hoping for a better life and good work in the open country. That is called the American Dream that you will be free and every new generation will do better than the generation that passed by. Some things made the immigration even more attractive like the Homestead Act to get cheap land in America. Mostly Europeans like Germans, British and other countries came to the United States. -
Andrew Carnegie
In 1859 at the Age of 24 Andrew Carnegie became the superintendent of the pennsylvania railroad. The significance of the event is that the building of the railroad is the major reason of the beginning of the industrialization in the United States because the railroads provided a fast and safer option of transportation for peaople and goods. -
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Political Machines
Political Machines were a way to get voters by using the poor groups of people and provide services to them to make them vote for the big politics people. The political machines took advantage of the Industrialization and people moving to cities to get their votes. -
The Homestead Act
Signed by Abraham Lincoln the first Homestead Act was released in 1862 on 20th May. The Homestead Act gave an applicant land at low or no cost. Originally it consisted 160 acres. -
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The Gilded Age
The Gilded age was in the 19th century and is significant for immigrants rushing to the US into the cities and over-crowding them. The industrialization began and big businesses were founded. -
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Initiative, Referendum, Recall
The recall means that public officials can be put out of office by the vote of the public.
Initiative is the process to let citizens bypass state legistature by placing the propose statutes.
The Referendum is a term of the legislative or the statute which provides people the right to vote for measurements of the legislative. -
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Populism & Progessivism
In this period of time there were to major thinkings. The populism was a thinking by the poor people to make the Government control the Railroads and own big companies to prevent businessmen from using their monoploy to make high prices.
The Progressivism is an educational way that should lead the learner to learn from themselves. -
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Nativism
The Nativism is a belief that got stronger within the late 19th century where the Americans whose parents or grandparents settled earlier in the US call themselves natives of the country. The Nativists wanted the immigration to be reduced because the immigrants were partly more skilled that the nativists and took their jobs. But the Nativism had nothing to do with the original natives of the States. -
Haymarket Riot
The Riot was caused by the bombing at the labor demonstration in Chicago, Illinois that was to support the 8 hours work day. -
The Dawes Act
The Dawes Act gave the US president the right to survey American Indian land and divide it and give it to Indians that are interested. Those who accepted to live seperated from their tribes were given the US citizenship. -
Ida B. Wells
She was a well-known activist in the civil rights movement in 1890. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennigs Bryan runned for presidency three times and at this time lost to William McKinley who was later famous for his Assassination. -
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Social Gospel
Social Gospel is a religious movement performed by the Protestant Christians to fight the social problems such as alcoholism, child labor, crime, and slums. -
Eugene V. Debs
In 1893 Eugene V. Debs was the president of the American Railway Union and he successfully conducted higher wages than the Nothern Railway with his Union one year later. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The discovering of Gold in 1896 led to the begin of the Klondike Gold Rush because many people followed the call of "getting rich" with Gold in the West. So over 100000 people moved to the Gold mines to try to find their dreams. But just a few actually got rich with the gold and those were the first people who discovered the gold and the big businesses. -
Manifest Destiny
It means the good belief of the westward expansionto the ocean that occured in 19th century. It is a belief that the railroad construction and the urbanization made the settlers settle in the West. -
Muckraker
The word Muckraker means a truthful article in a journal. The Muckracker started in 1901 and means a special part in joarnalism where the issues and bad things about the government were exposed, such as political machines. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt became 26th US president after the Assassination of former president William McKinley. He had great success, especially with his foreign policy "soft speak and a big stick". -
Upton Sinclair
Upton Siclair was known as a writer that reavels social injustices with his work. One of the most-known novels he wrote was 'The Jungle' which told about the immigration. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
The Act should prevent food or drugs that are not safe or poisioning for the consumer. It also caused the origin of the consumer protection laws. -
Dollar Diplomacy
The Dollar Diplomacy is used to ensure the stability and promote the currency locally in the the early 20th century in areas. It is known as created by US president William Howard Taft and his secretary. -
16th Amendment
The 16th Amendment was adopted in 1913 and was to levy the tax incomes. -
17th Amendment
By 8th April three-fourths of the US had adopted the 17th Amendment. It was for direct election to the US Senate. -
Federal Reserve Act
The Act was released in the 23rd of December in 1913 for the purpose of stabilizing the economic situation by introducing the Central Bank by the Federal Reserve System. -
18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment was adopted on 16th January in 1919 and should prohibit alcohol. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Tea Pot Dome Scandal is the secret giving of the oil rights to private companies from government-owned land. It is also well-known as oil reserve scandal. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment granted the women suffrage and was ratified on the 18th August in 1920. -
Suffrage
On August 20 in 1920 the 19th Amendment was released that states women's suffrage. So it gave the right to vote and it can't be denied by anyone based on the sex. -
Clarence Darrow
He worked as a lawyer and was best-known for the defending of Leopold and Loeb on their trial for murdering in 1924. -
Jane Addams
Jane Addams was the first female president of the National Conference of Social Work. In 1931 she won the Noble Prize of Peace.