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John Ray
was an English naturalist widely regarded as one of the earliest of the English parson-naturalists. Until 1670, he wrote his name as John Wray. From then on, he used 'Ray', after "having ascertained that such had been the practice of his family before him" -
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John Trumbull Sr.
was one of the few Americans who served as governor in both a pre-Revolutionary colony and a post-Revolutionary state. He was the only colonial governor at the start of the Revolution to take up the rebel cause. -
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John Witherspoon
was a Scottish-American Presbyterian minister and a Founding Father of the United States -
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John Hancock
was an American merchant, smuggler, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that the term "John Hancock" has become, in the United States, a synonym for a signature. -
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Charles Carroll
known as Charles Carroll of Carrollton or Charles Carroll III to distinguish him from his similarly named relatives was a wealthy Maryland planter and an early advocate of independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. He served as a delegate to the Continental Congress and Confederation Congress and later as first United States Senator for Maryland. -
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John Peter Muhlenberg
Was a protestant minister who recruited soldiers and rose to the rank of general -
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Benjamin Rush
was a Founding Father of the United States. Rush was a civic leader in Philadelphia, where he was a physician, politician, social reformer, educator and humanitarian, as well as the founder of Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Rush attended the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence. -
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Declaration of Independence
started the colonist decision to sperate from Britain. The Declaration listed colonial grievances against Britain and provided A theory of government. The governments purpose is to protect the rights of the people -
"E Pluribus Unum"
out of many, one (the motto of the US). -
Constitution
The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. -
Fifth Amendment
"Pleading the Fifth" is a colloquial term for invoking the privilege that allows a witness to decline to answer questions where the answers might incriminate him, and generally without having to suffer a penalty for asserting the privilege. A defendant cannot be compelled to become a witness at his own trial. If, however, should he choose to testify, he is not entitled to the privilege, and inferences can be drawn from a refusal to answer a question during cross-examination. -
Bill of Rights
Was added to the Constitution in the form of the first 10 amendments to further protect individuals rights government abuse -
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Alexis de Tocqueville
was a French diplomat, political scientist, and historian. He was best known for his works Democracy in America \ -
Liberty
freedom from arbitrary / tyrrnaical government control -
Egalitarianism
society of equals; there is no permanent class structure -
Individualism
Individualism people are free to pursue their individual goals -
Populism
Populism Participation of common people in political life. -
Laissez-Faire
Laissez-Faire Government has "hands off" approach to the economy. -
Eminent Domain
is the power of a state or a national government to take private property for public use. However, it can be legislatively delegated by the state to municipalities, government subdivisions, or even to private persons or corporations, when they are authorized to exercise the functions of public character. -
In God We Trust
"In God We Trust" is the official motto of the United States. I