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The fall of the Ottoman Empire in Isreal
The rule of the Ottoman Empire in the Holy Land, which began in the early 16th century following their defeat of the Mamluks, lasted until 1922 after which Great Britain gained control of Palestine.Thousands of jews migrated there because the sultan invited some jewish religious leaders to rebuild a city in Messaniac fervor,eventually with the decline and decentralization of Ottoman rule, the lives of the Jews declined as well. The end of the Ottoman Empire saw the true beginning of aliyah. -
The Inspiration
1843- The first Zionist writings were written and made public by Rabbi Alcalay, Rabbi Kalischer, and Emuna Yeshara. Kalisher described a Jewish nationalism that was evolving from the Jewish enlightenment that had begun in Revolutinary France and first proposed the return to the Palestine. Alacalay wrote of Jewish redemption resulting from actual works and efforts. These efforts he insisted would create the conditions for the messiah's arrival. -
Hovevei Tzion and the first settlements
The Hovevei Tzion united many small and scattered grounds into a single organization. Its leader prefered political zionism where the Jews in Europe petitioned the great powers for land on which to establish a national home. Giving up on that it eventually focused on purchasing small amounts of land at different times. The settlement of Jerusalem was a small town of 25,000 inhabitants, slightly more than half Jewish. The first settlement of Petah Tikva in 1878 failed and was later refounded. -
Russian pogroms and the BILU spark first Aliyah
Radical christian and muslim beliefs inclined people of other religions to set the Jews apart, educate the masses to believe that Jews are inferior and developed legal frameworks for persecution of the Jews, so that all of Jewish existence was tyrannized. This spread to Russia where the oppression continually got worse until thousands immigrated to the Palestine. Bilu was the student Proto-Zionist organization for immigration to the land of Israel and set the example for other jews. -
The First Zionist Congress
Zionism seeks to establish a home for the Jewish people in Palestine secured under public law. The Congress contemplates the following means to the attainment of this end:1. by appropriate means of the settlement in Palestine of Jewish farmers, artisans, and manufacturers.
2. organization and uniting of the whole of Jewry by means of appropriate institutions, in accordance with the laws of each country.
3. The strengthening and fostering of Jewish national sentiment and national consciousness -
Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration was the first promise by the British empire to give the Jewish people a national home in Palestine. As the Zionists worked to create a Jewish state, the support of one of the world's largest powers, that was soon to take over Palestine, was crucial. -
Biltmore Program
The program called for "the fulfillment of the original purpose of the Balfour Declaration and the Mandate "
"to found there a Jewish Commonwealth"
"unalterable rejection of the White Paper of May 1939"
"that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth integrated in the structure of the new democratic world" This was a result of the 1936 British White Paper, the resolutions made went beyond that and declared all of Palestine would be a Jewish commonwealth. -
Isreal War of Independance
The war served as the Declaration of Israel as the Jewish State. Eventually the British left the Palestine. Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia declared war on Israel. The Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian invasion began.
