Merchant of Venice. Group 3: 1301-1400

Jewish History

Period: Jan 1, 1301 to Dec 31, 1400

Converting.

Jan 1, 1305

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime with Domus Conversorum, or "House of Converts" began to convert Christians that were jews who had become Christians to be able to stay in England during the expulsion back to Jews. The problem with this though, is that thier prior to being jewish names were never recorded. There was only a list of 48 people with their original name recorded, therefore making all of the rest that wanted to come back after the expulsion, immigrants.

Expulsion in France.

Jan 1, 1306

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. In France, Phillip the Fair, began to secretly get ready to expell all jews. he was going to set a date and if there were any Jews still in France after the set date, they would be executed. Likewise, in England, if there were any Jews there during the expulsion, they would be exuctued.

The Yellow Badge

Jan 1, 1321

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. This is the year that Henry II began to force the Jews to wear the yellow badge. This started in Spain and quickly spread to Germany, Europe, and England.

Being Accused.

Aug 21, 1321

Jews are accused of poising Christian wells. Five thousand Jews were killed as reparations for their suspected actions.

After the Death of Phillip.

Mar 5, 1328

After the death of of Phillip in France, his brother took over. His name was Pedro Olligoyen. He set out and destroyed all of the Jews homes. After all of this, him and his team had murdered over 6000 Jews, leaving only 20 survivors.

Polish Leader.

Oct 9, 1334

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. Casimir the Great confirmed the privileges granted to the Jews in 1264 by Boleslaw the Pious. These rights were basic and granted the Jews to live without being punished for being alive. Jews after this thrived in Poland, they made themselves conspicuous in commerce, handicrafts, and agriculture.

Where the Black Death began

Jan 1, 1340

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. The black death, formed out of the disease Yersina pestis. it orginated in China, India, Persia, Syria and Egypt, yet the jews were blamed. The disease symptoms were swelling on the groin and armpits with blood and pus coming up, fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, terrible aches and pains, and eventually death.

The Actual Reason.

Oct 1, 1347

The actual reason for the black plague is thought to be that rats who carried a deadly disease that came over on a ship from the Crimea and docked in Messina, Sicily. The Jews ultimately were held accountable for the deaths of 25 million people throughout Europe.

How the Jews were Blamed.

Jan 1, 1348

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. The European people during the black plague blamed the Jews as the reason for all the deaths. Before the plague, Europeans blamed the Jews for poisoning the wells, so it was only natural for the Jews to take the fall again.

Finally Reached.

Jan 1, 1348

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. In 1348 the Black Death finally reached England. Once it hit England it quickly spread to the major cities, such as London. During the next two years 30-40% of all Englands population would be swiped due to The Black Death. At this time the Jews were still expelled from England, yet they were still blamed for bringing the disease to england.

Valentine's.

Feb 14, 1349

There was a riot in Strasbourg due to the falling of corn prices. The officials led all of the jews to the cemetery and burned them. Only the Jews that would convert to Chritianity on the sport were granted life.

Host Desecrations.

May 22, 1370

In Belgium, after killing a Jew, the murderer covered his tracks by accusing the Jews of Host desecration. During this, a few hundred more Jews were killed and the ones that werent were then expelled from Germany. The churches then made a holiday out of this.

Mailotin Riots

Mar 2, 1382

Called the “Mailotin Riots”, Jews were accused of being accomplices in over-oppressive taxes, 16 Jews were killed.

Jews Returning.

Jul 26, 1391

King Pedro IV ordered that all Jews could return to their homes and that synagogues could not be turned into churches. However, he confiscated all Jewish property that had been abandoned.

Blood Libels

Mar 27, 1400

-This did not actually start on January 1st, it started sometime within the year as a whole. During the Passover, Jews would steal Christian babies and sacfifice them. This became ritual. Even though this was againt jewish laws, the jews were non believers in this law at this time. The popes did nothing to stop the jews from sacrificing the Christian babies.