Jewish Timeline 1301-1400

The Italian Renaissance

Jan 1, 1301

The Italian Renaissance is described as a period of time when people throughout Europe branched out in attempts of new arts, sciences, atronomy, and philosophy. This period of time also showed the struggle of the Christian church on society, This period of time was succesful in its expulsion of the Jews from Spain as well as forcing thousands of Jews to convert to Christianity. ("The Jews and the Renaissance") (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_painting)

Jews in France

Jan 1, 1306

After being expelled from England, a group of English Jews flee to Northern France in hopes of finding safety, but later on were expelled by Philip Augustus. (Oxford Jewish Heritage) (http://www.my-microsite.com/santjohan/Histoire-de-France/32770/)

Philip the Fair (France)

Jul 22, 1306

After the war with Flemish, Philip II decided to put out secret orders to expell all Jews from France and to take all of their land from them. Any Jews that were found after a specific given date were to be executed. ("Jewish History 1300-1309") (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Philip_II_of_Spain_by_Antonio_Moro.jpg)

Death of Edward I

Jul 7, 1307

King Edward I of England dies. This event is significant because Edward I had expelled the jews from England in 1290. His death did not, however, translate to the readmittance of jews to the country. (BBC) (http://slodive.com/inspiration/cross-pictures/)

Magister Elias

Jan 1, 1309

Magister Elias, a Rabbi and physician, is granted permission to return to England and help people (presumably for medical reasons). While there, he tries to get permission to rebuild a Jewish community. His attempt was unsuccessful. This shows that even when the Jews were exiled they still could return if they could be usefull to the king. (Roth) (http://www.flickr.com/photos/bombarosa/2252982813/)

Council of Zarmora

Jan 1, 1310

Under the ruler Queen Maria, the council declared all Jews to wear the "Badge of Shame", they also declared Jews unallowed to participate in traditional ceremonies in which were connected to the government and royal family. As well as unable to use Christian names, or Jewish physicians to gain employment. ("Jewish History 1310-1319") (http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3077/3166690521_c91772a406_o.jpg)

Louis X (France)

Jan 1, 1315

After Phillip died, Louis was his sucessor. He allowed Jews to come back only because of the financial needs. He also told them that he would give them a one year warning of they were to be expelled again. ("History 1310- 1319") (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Louis_X_le_Hutin.jpg)

False Accusations

Aug 21, 1321

Jews in France were accused of encouraging lepers to poison Christian wells, leading to the killing of 5,000 jewish people. This event directly led to similar accusations during the Black Plague 27 years later. (Birnbaum) (http://gisapizzatto.deviantart.com/art/Water-Well-253212306)

The Black Plague

Jan 1, 1348

The Black Plague is a bacterial infection found in fleas and rodents that killed about 25 million people throught Europe, and Asia during the 1300's - 1400's. The plague killed thousands of jews directly, and still others were killed by christians blaming them for the outbreak. ("Plague The Black Death")
("Lock, Stock, and History")

Pope Clement VI

Sep 26, 1348

The Pope issued a bill contradicting the libel being spread about the Jews. He was trying to show compassion for the Jews, in saying that they were dying and suffering too.
("History 1340-1349") (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Papa_Clemens_Sextus.jpg)

Agimet of Geniva

Oct 20, 1348

Agimet of Geniva was the first Jew that was tortured into confessing his part in poisoning the Christians. Ironically the Jews took no part in it whatsoever, the Jews were solely tortured into confessing for a crime they did not do!

English Jews in Poland

Jan 1, 1349

After Jews in Western Europe, including England, were expelled, they went to Poland. Casimir the Great showed sympathy to the Jews and granted them protection from persecution. Jews could live in peace and continued to settle in other parts of Poland. Not all countries followed England's example, and some tried to help them. (History of Jews in Poland) (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Casimir_III_the_Great.PNG)

Edward the Third

Jan 1, 1358

Edward the third, King of England, offers money to John de Castello, a former Jew, for converting to Christianity. This shows that Jews were bribed to become Christians. (Hessayon) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_England)

Canterbury Tales

Jan 1, 1387

Geoffrey Chaucer begins publishing the Canterbury Tales. Among them is The Prioress's Tale, which blames Jews for the murder of a young child. This event illustrates English opinion of the Jews, saying "Satan 'That hathe in Jewes' heart his waspe's nest.'" (Birnbaum) (de.wikipedia.org )

Richard the Second

Jan 1, 1389

Richard the Second gives money to Richard de Cicilia for being baptized into Christianity. The king allowed for Jews to stay, but they had to wholeheartedly give up their Jewish religion. (Hessayon) (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_II_of_England.jpg)

Royal Protection

Jan 1, 1391

Charles le Convers is rewarded protection for himself, his servants, and his property for giving up Judiasim and becoming a Christian. This shows that some Jews would give up their faith in trade of something in return. (Hessayon) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianization)