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Brown vs. Board of Education
Prohibited segregation in public schools on the basis of race. This case was a major victory for the civil rights movement and became the major underpinning for further civil rights action. The Brown decision not only had a tremendous impact on societal rights for minorities, but also affected many aspects of educational law and procedure (yell, 2012). -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Provided federal funding to assist states in educating students as part of the war on poverty. The purpose of the ESEA was to provide federal money to states to improve educational opportunities for disadvantaged children, including students with disabilities who attended state schools for the deaf, blind and retarded (Yell, 2012). -
Mills vs Board of Education
Was filed against the District of Columbia’s Board of Education on behalf of all out-of-school students with disabilities. The action was brought by the parents and guardians of seven children who presented a variety of disabilities, including behavior problems, hyperactivity, epilepsy, mental retardation, and physical impairments (Yell, 2012). -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Prohibited discrimination against otherwise qualified persons with disabilities in programs that receive federal funding. The primary purpose of Section 504 was to prohibit discrimination against a person with a disability by any agency receiving federal funds (Yell, 2012). -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Provided federal funding to states that agree to educate eligible students with disabilities as required in the EAHCA. Established the rights of eligible students with disabilities to a free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment. Requires schools to develop an IEP. Established procedural safeguards (Yell, 2012). -
Board of Education vs. Hendrick Hudson Central School District vs Rowley
First decision in a special education case by the U. S. Supreme Court; defined "free appropriate public education (Wrightslaw, 2015). -
The Handicapped Children’s Protection Act
Allowed parents to recover attorney’s fees if they prevail in a due process hearing or court case. The U.S. Supreme Court stopped this practice in the Smith vs. Robinson (1984) decision. The high court held that because the EAHCA was the sole source for relief in cases brought under law, attorneys could not sue under other laws to collect their fees (Yell, 2012). -
Honig vs Doe
Strong decision in school discipline case on behalf of emotionally disturbed children who had academic and social problems. Court clarified procedural issues designed to protect children from school officials, parent role, stay put, that schools shall not expel children for behaviors related to their handicaps (Wrightslaw, 2015). -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Mandates protections for persons with disabilities against discrimination in a wide range of activities in both the public and private sector. The impact of the ADA on special education for students with disabilities in school districts is primarily limited to reinforcing and extending the requirements of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Renamed the EAHCA the IDEA. Added traumatic brain injury and autism as new disability categories under the IDEA. Added a transition requirement to the IEP for students age 16 or older. Added language that states were not immune from lawsuits under the 11th Amendment for violations of the IDEA (Yell, 2012). -
No Child Left Behind
To ensure that students in every public school achieve important learning goals while being educated in safe classrooms by highly qualified teachers. The law requires that school districts assume responsibility for all students reaching 100% proficiency levels within 12 years on tests assessing important academic content (Yell, 2012). -
McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Assistance Improvements Act of 2001
Ammendement. Each State educational agency shall ensure that each child of a homeless individual and each homeless youth has equal access to the same free, appropriate public education, including a public preschool education, as provided to other children and youths (DOE, 2004). Originally signed on July 22, 1987. -
NH Anti Bullying Law
All pupils have the right to attend public schools, including chartered public schools that are safe, secure and peaceful environments. All pupils have the right to attend public schools, including chartered public schools, that are safe, secure and peaceful environments. One of the legislature's highest priorities must be to protect our children from physical, emotional, and psychological violence by addressing the harm caused by bullying and cyberbullying in our public schools (NH, 2010).
