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Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education is a Supreme Court case that addresses racial segregation and deems it unconstitutional to segregate students based on race. Although it does not specifically mention students with disabilities, it set a precedent that nobody should be segregated due to race, ethnicity, gender, disability, etc.
(https://www.naesp.org/sites/default/files/resources/1/Principal/2008/N-Oweb2.pdf)
Picture- https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/spring/brown-v-board-2.html -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
This is a civil rights law in which programs that receive federal funding must provide reasonable accommodations to individuals with disabilities. These programs include schools and colleges. This law also protects students who do not receive special education services. Examples of accommodations received through Section 504 include extra time on tests, a quiet room for tests, a note-taker, and much more.
(Overton 2016, page 43-44)
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Education for All Handicapped Children Act (Public Law 94-142)
This law ensures appropriate assessment, assessment procedures, and education for students with disabilities. An appropriate assessment is a fair assessment. For example, a student with a visual impairment should be given appropriate accommodations, such as Braille, on a reading assessment. This law has had many reauthorizations and amendments in the past 40 years.
(Overton 2016, page 29)
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No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
The main focus of No Child Left Behind is to close the achievement gap and to provide equal opportunity for all students. This law increases accountability, gives schools flexibility with allocating funds, increases parental participation, and emphasizes research-based methods. NCLB also mandates the testing of all students.
(http://www.k12.wa.us/esea/NCLB.aspx)
Picture- https://www.pinterest.com/pin/231442868320302154 -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA)
IDEA 2004 is the most recent reauthorization of Public Law 94-142. IDEA mandates equitable and accountable education for students with disabilities. Main points include accountability of achievement, parental participation, early intervention, improving teacher quality, decreasing disproportionality, non-discriminatory assessment, and least restrictive environment.
(Overton 2016, Chapter 2)
Picture- http://blogs.ibo.org/blog/2015/02/27/inclusive-education/
