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Reflexes
Reflexes are part of the pysical domain. They are unlearned, involuntary responses to certain stimulation. Infants are born with several reflexes, including stepping, swimming, sucking and eye blinking. They either serve the purpose of food intake or protection. Ceretain reflexes disapper after the first year of life, sometimes to increase voluntary control over that reflex. Reflexes may also set the stage for the development of more intricate response to stimulation.
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Motor Skills
Motor skills fall under the physical domain. Infants first develop gross motor skills, where they wiffle their arms & legs, lift their head and push against a surface. These lay the foundation for crawling, which typically occurs at 8-10 months, and walking at 9 months. Gross motor skills assist with balance and remaining stationary. FIne motor skills are the integration of hands and fingers. The infant will learn to grasp objects and pick small ogbects up.
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Communication and Language
Learning how to speak and communicate are developments that happen within the cognitive domain. Infants are first conditioned to speech through prelinguistic communication, when parents repeat the sound the infant made, encouraging the infant to make the noise back. This develops into babbling at around 2-3 months, where the infant makes speechlike but meaningless sounds. First words develop around 10 to 14 months snd first sentences 8-12 months after that.
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Seperation & Stranger Anxiety
Stranger & separation anxiety are both established by the end of the first year, typically after 6 months, Infants become able to distinguish who they know and do not know, and try to anticipate what will happen. They cannot yet reason that their mother will return, so they become distressed. Both anxieties occur under the cognitive & socico-emtional domain. Cognitive because memory and reason play a role & socio-emotional because it marks bonding & relationship.
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