Industrial Revolution

By Amandine.sgt

  • The start of the industrial revolution

    Start: Around 1760. Marked by mechanization in the textile industry, the development of steam engines, and the rise of iron and coal production.

  • James Watt’s Steam Engine

    James Watt’s Steam Engine
    James Watt improved the steam engine in 1778 by adding a separate condenser, increasing efficiency. This invention revolutionized industries like mining and transportation, making steam power central to the Industrial Revolution.

  • Power Loom

    Power Loom
    Invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785, the power loom automated textile weaving. It significantly boosted productivity, reducing manual labor and enabling the rise of textile factories.

  • Cotton Gin

    Cotton Gin
    Eli Whitney patented the cotton gin in 1794. It mechanized the separation of cotton fibers from seeds, transforming the cotton industry by increasing production and reducing costs.

  • Gas Street Lighting

    Gas Street Lighting
    William Murdoch introduced gas street lighting in 1807. This innovation improved urban safety and extended working hours, marking a key step in urban modernization.

  • Electromagnet

    Electromagnet
    William Sturgeon created the first electromagnet in 1825. It laid the foundation for modern electrical devices, including telegraphs, motors, and generators.

  • First Photograph

    First Photograph
    Nicéphore Niépce captured the first permanent photograph in 1826. Using a process called heliography, this invention marked the birth of modern photography.

  • Stephenson’s Steam Locomotive

    Stephenson’s Steam Locomotive
    George Stephenson built the “Rocket” in 1829. This steam locomotive revolutionized transport by making railways a fast and reliable means of moving goods and people.

  • Electric Telegraph

    Electric Telegraph
    Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail developed the electric telegraph in 1837. It allowed instant long-distance communication, revolutionizing global connectivity.

  • Steam Hammer

    Steam Hammer
    James Nasmyth invented the steam hammer in 1839. It became essential for shaping large metal components, contributing to the growth of heavy industries.

  • Approximate end

    End: Around 1830–1840. This phase saw the spread of industrialization to other industries like transport (railways) and mining.

  • Bessemer Process

    Bessemer Process
    (Even though this is more of an intermediate period between the First and Second Industrial Revolutions.) Henry Bessemer patented the Bessemer process in 1856. This method made steel production faster and cheaper, enabling the construction of modern infrastructure like railways and skyscrapers.