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THE INDEPENDENCE OF HAITI
In 1803, Jean Jacques Dessalines finally defeated the French
troops and, in 1804, declared the independence of Haiti. -
THE INDEPENDENCE IN LATIN AMERICA
The independence of Latin America was the historical process of the
rebellion of its inhabitants against Spanish colonial rule and the formation of
independent national states. -
INDEPENDENCE OF QUITO
Quito was to be the first in the history of Spanish America to proclaim -
PARAGUAY INDEPENDENCE
The first Junta de Buenos Aires (25-05-1810) organized three military campaigns to subdue the Spanish forces in the interior, but they were not successful. However, a revolution spontaneously broke out in Asuncion (14-05-1811), and the resulting government-held independent. -
THE INDEPENDENCE OF URUGUAY
Colonel José Artigas commanded the revolutionary troops who
defeated the royalists at the Battle of Las Piedras (18-05-1811) and besieged the walled Montevideo, where the viceregal government had moved. -
MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE
Frustrated in their desire for autonomy and free trade, a group of conservative creoles proclaimed independence in 1821, but only when Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was proclaimed president of the Republic in 1833 Spain only recognized Mexican independence in 1839. -
Fernando VII
Fernando VII returned
to the throne in 1814, -
INDEPENDENCE OF SOUTH AMERICA
When Fernando VII returned to the throne in 1814, patriotic military campaigns subsisted in Venezuela and the Río de la Plata. VII ordered to organize the so-called «Peacekeeping expedition» which, under the command of Marshal Pablo Morillo, sailed from Cádiz in 1815. -
FOUNDATION OF UNITED PROVINCES OF SOUTH AMERICA
Another federalist initiative was led by General José de San Martín, who promoted the Congress of Tucumán, which founded the United Provinces of South America (9-07-1816). -
INDEPENDENCE OF NEW GRANADA AND VENEZUELA
In 1817, Bolívar, Piar, Páez, and other Venezuelan leaders reactivated the war. Bolivar faced and defeated Morillo in Calabozo, in 1818. -
CHILE INDEPENDENCE
The war crossing was epic, but, as they had planned, the six columns met less then a month later in the Aconcagua Valley and although it suffered a serious defeat in Cancha Rayada (19-03-1818), it triumphed in the decisive battle of Maipú (5-04-1818), assuring the independence of Chile. -
THE INDEPENDENCE OF ECUADOR
The independence of Guayaquil was proclaimed (9-10-1820), the arrival of the patriot army commanded by Antonio José de Sucre, and its triumph in Pichincha (24-05-1822), which culminated the independence of the Great Colombia. -
ATTEMP OF INDEPENDENCE OF PERU
The uprising in favor of the independence of the Realista Regiment Numancia - integrated by Venezuelans and Quiteños - opened the doors of Lima to San Martin (July 5, 1821), and forced the viceroy La Serna to leave the city and enter the mountains, with an army still very numerous. San Martin declared independence (28-07-1821) and was appointed Protector of Peru with full civil and military authority. -
GUATEMALA INDEPENDENCE
Guatemala with its provinces (Chiapas, Soconusco, El Salvador,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Los Altos, and Costa Rica) declared its independence from the Spanish Crown. -
HAITI CONQUEST
In 1822, Haitian troops subdued the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola, which would regain its independence from Haiti in 1844 -
SAN MARTIN AND BOLIVAR
In their meetings in Guayaquil , Bolivar, liberator, and president of Gran Colombia, and San Martin, protector of Peru, talked about what was missing to complete the freedom of America: the defeat of the last realistic bastion in Peru. Surprisingly, San Martin gave Bolivar the initiative of the war completely. He returned to Lima, resigned from the government of Peru , and returned to his home in Mendoza, Argentina . -
PERU INDEPENDENCE
Bolivar and Sucre defeated the Spanish army at the Battle
of Junín -
END OF THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
Colombia to take command of an expedition to Peru. September of that year, he arrived in Lima and met with Sucre and the Peruvian leaders to plan the attack. Bolivar and Sucre defeated the Spanish army at the Battle of Junín .Bolivar and Sucre defeated the Spanish army at the Battle receive a new contingent of troops, Sucre was forced to give battle and destroyed the last bastion of the Spanish army at the battle of Ayacucho (9-12-1824) , -
THE CASE OF PUERTO RICO
On September 23, 1868, the scream of Lares, of independence against Spain, was produced. The rebellion is crushed in a short time. Puerto Rico continues within the Spanish system until the war between EE. UU and Spain. After the defeat of this, the island of Puerto Rico happens to be administered by EE. UU and is currently an associated free state of that country. Consequently, it is not an independent country. -
INDEPENDENCE OF CUBA
José Martí organizes the Cuban Revolutionary Party and looks for the old leaders of the revolution, unifies the different currents, builds a small army, and disembarks in Cuba. Martí dies in one of the combat actions (1895)
