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Period: to
Systematic educative procedures for the hardest to teach
Jean Marc Gaspard Itard and Édouard Séguin worked toward these causes -
First American residential school for students who were blind
Thomas Gallaudet established the school -
First residential school for students who were blind
Samuel Howe directed the school for the blind -
Period: to
Normalization and Deinstitutionalization
Breaking down barriers to participation in society -
Period: to
Inclusion
Integration of students with disabilities into general education classrooms -
Period: to
Other organizations, such as Special Olympics (Shriver)
Advocacy for caring and fair treatment of individuals with disabilities -
Council for Exceptional Children was founded by Elizabeth Farrall and other teachers
Development of special education as a profession -
Organization of parent groups
Provide support, information, and structure for obtaining resources -
Brown v. Board of Education Topeka
Allowed for parents of students with disabilities to contend their students were not receiving adequate education. Separate is not equal. -
Until 1960s students with disabilities were segregated from students without disabilities
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Mainstreaming
Students with mild disabilities were mainstreamed with students without disabilities -
Until 1970s, exclusionary practices upheld in courts
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Education for All Handicapped Children Act, PL 94-142
The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education -
Inclusion
By mid 1980s, the inclusion movement began -
EAHCA amendments
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Reauthorization of IDEA
Services were extended to infants, toddlers, and preschool children aged 3 -
EAHCA amendments
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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The original Act and its amendments ensure that all children and youths with disabilities have a right to free, appropriate, public education.
Due Process, Equal Protection, Zero Reject, Free and Appropriate Public Education, Least Restrictive Environment, and Nondiscriminatory Assessment -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Ensures the right to nondiscriminatory treatment in other aspects of life; a civil rights law -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Due Process, Equal Protection, Zero Reject, Free and Appropriate Public Education, Least Restrictive Environment, and Nondiscriminatory Assessment -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Due Process, Equal Protection, Zero Reject, Free and Appropriate Public Education, Least Restrictive Environment, and Nondiscriminatory Assessment -
Period: to
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
"Standards-based" reform, consequences to special ed. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
Nondiscriminatory identification, assessment, and evaluation, least restrictive environment, IEPs, Procedural Safeguards, Suspensions and Expulsions, Confidentiality and Access to Information, Service for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, and Funding for Early Intervention
