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Manitoba Act
The Metis led Red River Resistance resulted in the Manitoba Act, passed by Canada's Parliment. The act establishes Manitoba as a billingual province, with education rights for Catholics and Protestants, and Metis land rights. This was huge for the Collective Rights of the Metis. The act specified that the Metis living in Manitoba would recieve more than 500 000 hectares of land in addition with the the farms they had already established along the Red River. That benifitted the quality of life. -
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Manitoba Act
The Metis led Red River Resistance resulted in the Manitoba Act, passed by Canada's Parliment. The act establishes Manitoba as a billingual province, with education rights for Catholics and Protestants, and Metis land rights. This was huge for the Collective Rights of the Metis. The act specified that the Metis living in Manitoba would recieve more than 500 000 hectares of land in addition with the the farms they had already established along the Red River. That benifitted the quality of life. -
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Establishment of Scrip
Canada's government issued scrip to the Metis, instead of establishing Metis lands in Manitoba. This greatly effected the Metis Nation people by really hurting their quality of life. The Metis Nation people lost nearly 80% of their Red River lots of land due to scrip program. It also effected their collective rights as people becuase this marked that they were once again but behind the Europeans in importance. -
Establishment of Scrip
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The Northwest Resistance
Metis started the Northwest Resistance to protect Metis lands in what is today Saskathewan, as the railway and settlers moved into western Canada. Canada took this as Metis way to overthrow thier authority. This hurt the Metis quality of life and loss them Collective rights. It not only hurt their relationship with the Canadian government, but it made it difficult for them to get what they thought was important to them from the government becuase they lost the trust from Canada. -
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Metis settlers establish farms at St.Paul des Metis
Many Metis settlers established farms in St.Paul des Metis near what is today St.Paul, Alberta. The land was provided by the Catholic Church. The Metis settlers did not have title to this land granted by the Catholic Church and had to leave when the settlement closed. This added to the Metis quality of life by giving them land which they can use to settle, farm, and hunt for their food. -
Metis settlers establish farms at St.Paul des Metis
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Metis Poplation Betterment Act
L'Association des Metis de L'Alberta et des Territoires du Nord-Ouest lobbied Alberta's government to set aside land for the Metis. Alberta's government passed the Metis Population Betterment Act which established twelve temporary Metis settlements. This was the first time in Canadian history that a government granted Metis land which impacted their collective identity. This added to the Metis quality of life by giving them land which they can use to settle, farm, and hunt for their food. -
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Land was returned to the Alberta Government
The temporary settlements did not give the Metis full control of the land. When four of the settlements proved unsuitable for farming, hunting, or fishing, the settlements were closed and the land went back to the government of Alberta. This effected Metis quality of life, by taking away the land that they settled on. This impacted the Metis Colllective rights becuase they finally had made history getting land grranted by Alberta but the land was taken away along with the collecive rights. -
Land was returned to the Alberta Government
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Metis recognized for rights
The Metis lobbied for recognition of thier Metis rights in Canada's constitution. When the constitution was patriated, it included section 35, which recognizes the Metis as one of Canada's Aboriginal peoples with rights. This greatly impacts the Collective Identity of the Metis Nation people by being recognized for their rights. It also enhances the quality of life by getting the benifits of rights in Canada's constitution. -
Alberta's government enacted legislation
Alberta's government enacted legislation under which the Metis recieved the Metis settlements as a permanent land base with the right to manage thier own affairs. The legislation included:
-Constitution of Alberta Amendment Act
-Metis Settlements Accord Implementation Act
-Metis Settlements Act
-Metis Settlements Land Protection Act- This was a huge breakthrough for Metis quality of life enhancement giving them their own land to own themselves, which also impacts the Collective Rights greatly. -
Metis gain the right to hunt
The Supreme Court ruled that the Metis have the right to hunt and fish, as one of Canada's Aboriginal peoples under the constitution. These rights recognize the unique relationship to the land of the Metis, based in history and their inherent rights as an Aboriginal people. This effects their collective identity as peoples in Canada giving them official rights in Canada. This effects the quality of life by allowing them to hunt for their food at all times in the year. -
Recognized Metis hunting and fishing rights
Two seperate organizations, the Metis Settlements General Council and the Metis Nation of Alberta struck agreements with Alberta's government recognizing Metis hunting and fishing rights. The agreements ensured that the Metis could hunt and fish for food, and they did not have to have a licence. his effects their collective identity as peoples in Canada giving them official rights in Canada. This effects the quality of life by allowing them to hunt for their food at all times in the year. -
Manitoba Metis Compenstion
In April, the Metis in Manitoba launched a court case seeking compensation for land promised, but not delivered in the Manitoba Act. This impacts both the qaulity of life and the Collective Identity becuase the Canadian government promised land to the Metis but it failed to happen.
