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The Colonial Roots of America's Founding Ideals
The 13 colonies initially prospered despite initial hardships and land ownership struggles. Treaties with Native people maintained good relations, but diseases, wars, and unfair treaties stripped eastern tribes of land. Labor shortages and enslaved Africans led to the Magna Carta in England for people's rights. Conflicts and religious persecution limited tolerance, leading to the Mayflower Compact, which later inspired the Bill of Rights and the Magna Carta. -
Religious Quarrel
The proprietor of Maryland attended to end quarrels between Catholics and Protestants by the Act of Religious Toleration. -
The Albany Plan of Union
Benjamin Franklin drafted the Albany Plan of Union and proposed a confederate/alliance of the colonies for their defense but this was rejected by parliament. -
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Americans Revolt
The American Revolution was sparked by tensions between the colonies due to the French and Indian War. The Proclamation of 1763 declared colonists couldn't settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. The Sugar Act and Stamp Act led to uproars, with colonists protesting against the Townshend Acts in 1767. Samuel Adams rallied them, leading to the Boston Massacre, resulting in direct taxes disguised as customs duties. -
Declaration of Independence
The rewritten Declaration of Independence was read at a gathering in New York City. -
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Creating the Constitution
The Declaration of Independence influenced state constitutions that upheld colonies' independence, but often restricted voting rights and were not fully democratic. The Continental Congress established an informal confederation of states in 1777 through the Articles of Confederation, allowing the Northwest Territory to be part of land policy. -
Approving the declaration of Independence
The Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence which made sure that the colonies were free and independent. -
The articles of confederation
The Articles of Confederation were adopted by the Continental Congress. -
George Washington was made head leader
An army officer suggested making George Washington the head leader of the nation after showing frustration to multiple troops. -
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Changes in a Young Nation
The United States, initially rural, faced challenges with limited industry and transportation. President Washington's authority was tested in 1791, and Thomas Jefferson won the presidency in 1800. The Louisiana Purchase Treaty expanded the US, leading to the Indian Removal Act and the formation of the Democratic Party. -
Banneker letter
Banneker wrote a letter in this letter he explained why black people and white people should have equal rights. -
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An Enduring Plan of Government
The Constitution aims to create a Union centered on the people, describing the government framework, Bill of Rights, and balance of power. It is protected by federal courts, the First Amendment, and the Bill of Rights. It also safeguards economic, property, and individual rights, and women's voting rights were extended in 1807. -
Washington's Farewell Address
George Washington's Farewell Address was published. -
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A Dividing Nation
The Missouri Compromise in 1820 allowed Missouri to join the Union with slavery and Maine as a free state, preserving Senate power. Sectionalism escalated after the US acquired Southwest lands during Mexico's war. California applied for free state admission in 1849, shifting power towards the North. Henry Clay proposed the Compromise of 1850, admitting California as a free state and dividing the Southwest into New Mexico and Utah. -
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal Act was passed by congress to remove Indigenous groups in the land east to the Mississippi River. -
Proslavery raid
Proslavery forces raided the Free-Soil town of Lawrence, Kansas, where they burned many buildings stores and other areas. -
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The Civil War
The Civil War, involving over 3 million soldiers, began with both sides confident of victory. Economic issues, poor tactics, and poor hygiene contributed to the brutal conflict, with the Emancipation Proclamation boosting North African Americans' rejoicing. -
Seceding from the Union
South Carolina seceded from the Union, and over the next couple of weeks other states backed away as well. -
The Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest one-day battle in American history, with more than 20,000 casualties or deaths. -
The 54th stormed
The 54th stormed the Confederate
defenses at Fort Wagner, South Carolina.